Economics

€STR: The European Central Bank’s Replacement for EURIBOR
Comprehensive coverage of €STR, including its historical context, structure, key events, mathematical formulas, applicability, examples, comparisons, interesting facts, FAQs, and references.
100 Per Cent Gold Backing: Historical Monetary Policy
A reserve rule requiring the bank issuing a currency to hold gold of equal value. Learn the historical context, key aspects, and implications of 100 per cent gold backing.
1992: European Community Internal Market Unification
The 1992 Programme of the European Community (EC) aimed at unifying its internal market by eliminating barriers to the movement of goods, people, and capital.
22-Karat Gold: High-Quality Gold Alloy
22-Karat Gold is a gold alloy where 22 parts out of 24 are pure gold, making it highly durable and suitable for various applications.
24-Hour City: A Continuously Active Metropolitan Area
A comprehensive exploration of the 24-Hour City, a continuously active metropolitan area with a robust economy and extensive amenities.
501(c)(3) Organizations: Tax-Exempt Nonprofit Entities
501(c)(3) organizations are nonprofit entities that meet specific criteria under the United States Internal Revenue Code, making them exempt from federal income tax.
80/20 Rule: Pareto Principle Explained
Detailed explanation of the 80/20 Rule, also known as the Pareto Principle, its applications, examples, and historical context.
A Priori: Concept and Application
An in-depth exploration of the term 'A Priori', which is used in economic literature to indicate a claim that is considered true based on earlier reasoning rather than empirical evidence.
A Priori Theories of Accounting: Deductive Reasoning in Measurement and Valuation
A Priori Theories of Accounting encompass the use of deductive reasoning to develop measurement and valuation systems based on certain axioms or assumptions, rather than empirical observation. The 1960s marked a significant period for a priori research in financial accounting.
A1: Comprehensive Overview and Implications
A detailed look at A1, covering various financial, economic, and legal considerations related to refunds, salary adjustments, equity ratios, and living trusts.
A2: Comprehensive Explanation and Uses
In-depth look at the term A2, its applications, definitions across various fields, and relevance in different contexts.
Abatement: Reduction in Amount, Degree, or Intensity of an Activity
An in-depth exploration of abatement, its historical context, categories, key events, models, charts, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, famous quotes, jargon, and FAQs.
ABC Method: Understanding Activity-Based Costing
An in-depth exploration of the ABC Method (Activity-Based Costing), covering its historical context, key concepts, detailed explanations, mathematical models, importance, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, and more.
Ability and Earnings: Understanding the Connection
An in-depth exploration of the relationship between individual ability and earnings, incorporating economic theories, key models, and real-world applications.
Ability to Pay: The Equitable Taxation Principle
Exploration of the principle of 'Ability to Pay' in taxation, examining its historical context, types, key events, mathematical models, importance, applicability, and related terms.
Ability-to-Pay: Principles and Applications in Taxation
The principle of Ability-to-Pay asserts that taxes should be levied based on the taxpayer's capacity to bear the tax burden. This principle often leads to progressive taxation where higher income or wealth results in higher tax rates.
Ability-to-Repay (ATR) Rule: Federal Mortgage Lending Guidelines
A comprehensive explanation of the Ability-to-Repay (ATR) rule, federal guidelines that ensure lenders determine a borrower’s capacity to repay a mortgage before extending credit.
Abnormal Loss: Managing Unexpected Production Issues
In-depth exploration of abnormal loss in manufacturing or chemical processes, including its definitions, categories, implications, and management.
Abnormal Profit: Understanding Above-Normal Gains
An in-depth exploration of abnormal profit, its significance, and implications in economic theory and business practice.
Above-the-Line Deductions: Understanding Their Impact on Adjusted Gross Income
Above-the-Line Deductions are specific deductions subtracted from your income before the calculation of Adjusted Gross Income (AGI). These deductions can significantly impact tax liability.
Absolute Advantage: Fundamental Economic Concept
A comprehensive examination of Absolute Advantage, its historical context, types, key events, formulas, importance, applicability, and related terms.
Absorption Costing: Full Cost Accounting Method
A comprehensive overview of absorption costing, including its historical context, categories, key events, detailed explanations, importance, examples, comparisons with other costing methods, and related concepts.
Abstinence: A Comprehensive Guide to Delayed Consumption
An in-depth look at abstinence, focusing on its historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, and much more.
Abuse of a Dominant Position: Understanding Market Power and Anticompetitive Practices
A comprehensive exploration of abuse of a dominant position, an anticompetitive practice by large corporations, focusing on historical context, key events, and implications under Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and the UK Competition Act 1998.
Abuse of Dominant Position: Unfair Market Practices
The use of anticompetitive business practices by a dominant firm to maintain or increase market share, either in the product market or in a geographic market.
Abusive Tax Shelter: A Financial Arrangement
A comprehensive look at Abusive Tax Shelters, including historical context, types, key events, explanations, diagrams, importance, applicability, examples, related terms, comparisons, facts, stories, quotes, expressions, jargon, FAQs, references, and summary.
Accelerated Depreciation: Encouraging Investment through Tax Benefits
Accelerated depreciation allows businesses to depreciate capital goods faster for tax purposes, thereby deferring tax liabilities and encouraging investment.
Accelerator Model: Investment and Output Relationship
An exploration of the accelerator model, a framework that explains the relationship between investment and changes in output, along with its historical context, key principles, and real-world applications.
Acceptance: Financial Liability and Trust in Bill of Exchange Transactions
Understanding the concept of acceptance in financial transactions, particularly the acceptance of a bill of exchange which involves adding one's signature to take on liability.
Acción: Stock or Share in a Company
An overview of 'Acción' encompassing its historical context, types, key events, mathematical models, and its significance in finance.
Accountability: An Obligation to Give an Account
An in-depth exploration of accountability, its historical context, types, importance, and application across various domains.
Accountancy: The Profession and Process of Accounting
A comprehensive examination of accountancy, including its historical context, types, key events, explanations, importance, applicability, and much more.
Accountancy Investigation and Discipline Board (AIDB): The Predecessor of AADB
The Accountancy Investigation and Discipline Board (AIDB) was the predecessor of the Accountancy and Actuarial Discipline Board (AADB). It played a significant role in maintaining and enforcing standards within the UK accounting profession.
Accounting Fraud: Manipulation of Financial Statements
Accounting fraud involves the manipulation of financial statements to present a false picture of a company's financial health, leading to misinformation about the financial status of an organization.
Accounting Scandals: Financial Deceptions with Devastating Impacts
Instances in which corporations have been found in serious breach of accounting ethics generally by falsifying or manipulating information so that financial statements do not give a true and fair view of the company's performance.
Accounting Standards: Principles, Guidelines, and Importance
Accounting Standards are a set of principles and guidelines that guide financial reporting to ensure consistency, transparency, and integrity. They are set by authoritative bodies to dictate how financial transactions should be recorded and reported.
Accretion: An Increase in Asset Value Due to Physical Change
An in-depth look at accretion, explaining how the value of an asset can increase due to physical changes, and not merely due to market fluctuations. Covers historical context, types, key events, mathematical models, charts, applicability, and more.
Accrued Benefits: Understanding Pension Entitlements
A comprehensive guide to Accrued Benefits, focusing on defined-benefit pension schemes, calculation methods, accounting standards, and key considerations.
Accumulated Benefits: An In-Depth Exploration
A comprehensive overview of accumulated benefits, their historical context, types, key events, explanations, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, FAQs, references, and summary.
Accumulated Profits: An Overview
A comprehensive guide on accumulated profits, including historical context, types, key events, formulas, diagrams, and more.
Acquirer: The Entity That Gains Control Over Another in a Business Combination
An acquirer is a company that gains control over another entity in a business combination, often in mergers and acquisitions, seeking to expand its business, increase market share, or gain new technologies.
Acquisition Fraud: Understanding the Deceptive Practice
A comprehensive guide to Acquisition Fraud, including historical context, types, key events, mathematical models, and prevention strategies.
Acquisitions Approach: Constructing Consumer Price Index
An approach to constructing a consumer price index that identifies consumption with the acquisition of consumption goods and services in a given period. This method is commonly used by statistical agencies for all goods other than owner-occupied housing.
ACT: Association of Corporate Treasurers and Advance Corporation Tax
Comprehensive coverage of the term ACT, including its definitions as the Association of Corporate Treasurers and Advance Corporation Tax, historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, and more.
Active: Currently in Operation or Effective
Active refers to something that is currently in operation, effective, or engaged in activity. The term can be applied in various contexts such as finance, technology, biology, and everyday usage.
Active Company: A Thriving Business Entity
An active company is one that is actively trading and conducting business. This article explores its historical context, key characteristics, types, importance, and much more.
Active Market: Definition and Importance
An active market is a trading environment where assets of a particular class are frequently and heavily traded. This concept is crucial in fair value accounting. In the absence of an active market, pricing data may be limited, and alternative valuation methods like marking to model might be required. This article delves into the characteristics, significance, and applications of active markets.
Activity Dictionary: A Comprehensive Guide
A complete listing of the activities included in an organization's activity-based costing system, providing precise definitions of each activity.
Activity Measure: Comprehensive Overview and Explanation
In activity-based costing systems, an activity measure is a quantifiable measure of the volume or rate of activity in an activity cost pool, used as a basis for allocating costs. This concept is integral for effective cost management and accurate financial accounting.
Actual Cost: Definition and Explanation
A comprehensive look at Actual Cost, its calculation, significance, and difference from budgeted or standard cost in organizational activities.
Actual Output: The Real Production Rate Achieved
Actual Output refers to the real production rate achieved, which is often lower than the effective capacity. This comprehensive article covers historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, and much more.
Actual Price: The Real Cost Incurred for a Good or Service
Actual Price refers to the real cost incurred for a good or service. This comprehensive article delves into its historical context, types, key events, explanations, mathematical models, and more.
Actuals: Commodities and Financial Realities
An in-depth examination of 'Actuals' in commodities trading and financial reporting, including definitions, historical context, types, key events, formulas, charts, examples, and more.
Actuarial Method: Calculation in Lease and Pension Accounting
The Actuarial Method is a technique used in both lease accounting to apportion rentals based on compound interest, and in pension accounting to determine charges to the profit and loss account.
Actuarial Profession: A Field of Financial Risk Management
The Actuarial Profession involves the assessment and management of financial risks, closely regulated by bodies like the AIDB. Learn about its historical context, key areas, applications, and significance.
Acyclical Trends: Understanding Unique Non-Cyclical Movements
Acyclical trends are distinct movements that do not follow predictable economic cycles and are influenced by factors like technological innovations or political events.
Ad Valorem Tax: Proportional Price-based Tax
Ad Valorem Tax is a tax proportional to the price of the object being taxed. This article explores the concept, types, applications, historical context, and significance of Ad Valorem Tax.
Adaptive Expectations: Understanding Economic Forecasting
An in-depth explanation of adaptive expectations in economics, where future values are calculated based on previous predictions and outcomes. Learn about its significance, models, and practical applications.
Additional Rate: Higher Rate of Income Tax
An in-depth exploration of the additional rate, which is a higher rate of income tax, including its historical context, types, key events, and applications.
Adjustable Peg: Exchange Rate System
An exchange rate system where countries stabilize their exchange rates around par values that they retain the right to change, commonly used under the Bretton Woods system in the 1950s and 1960s.
Adjusted Consolidated Segment Operating Income: Detailed Explanation
An in-depth exploration of Adjusted Consolidated Segment Operating Income (ACSOI), its significance, calculation, applications, and impact on financial analysis and decision-making.
Adjusted Present Value: Comprehensive Insight
A thorough exploration of Adjusted Present Value (APV), a method to evaluate the net present value (NPV) of a project considering all-equity financing and adjusting for the impact of tax benefits and other factors.
Adjusted R-Squared: An In-Depth Explanation
A detailed examination of Adjusted R-Squared, a statistical metric used to evaluate the explanatory power of regression models, taking into account the degrees of freedom.
Adjustment: Explanation and Applications
An in-depth look at adjustment, including cyclical, partial, and seasonal adjustments, their importance, applications, and related concepts.
Adjustment Costs: Understanding Economic Adjustment
Adjustment costs refer to the expenses incurred by an economic agent when making changes to their controlled variables to reach optimal levels.
Adjustment Programme: A Comprehensive Overview
A detailed look at Adjustment Programmes, their historical context, types, key events, and their significance in curing balance-of-payments problems.
Administered Price: An Examination of Non-Market Pricing Mechanisms
Administered price refers to a price set by an administrative process, often involving government or regulatory body intervention, rather than by market forces. This mechanism is used in various sectors including housing, agriculture, and labor.
Administration: Insolvency Process Management
A comprehensive look at Administration, a process where an insolvency practitioner is appointed to manage a company's affairs.
Administration Order: Comprehensive Overview
An in-depth look at administration orders, which are legal mechanisms designed to manage the debts of individuals or companies in financial difficulty, preventing bankruptcy and facilitating asset realization.
Administrative Fee: Overview and Detailed Insights
An in-depth exploration of administrative fees, covering their historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, formulas, charts, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, facts, stories, quotes, proverbs, expressions, jargon, slang, FAQs, references, and summary.
Adoption: The Take-Up of New Technology
Understanding the adoption of new technology by firms or consumers, its historical context, importance, and impact on economic growth.
Advance Corporation Tax: An Overview
A historical tax payment method that required companies to pay an advance on corporation tax when distributing dividends. Abolished on 6 April 1999, it has since been replaced by an instalment-based system for larger companies.
Advance Corporation Tax: An Overview
An in-depth exploration of the Advance Corporation Tax (ACT) system in the UK, detailing its historical context, functionality, abolition, and impact on corporate taxation.
Advanced Economies: Overview and Significance
An in-depth exploration of advanced economies, characterized by high per capita income, diversified exports, and deep integration into the global financial system.
Advanced Refunding: A Financial Strategy
Advanced Refunding involves issuing new bonds to replace older ones before their call date, often utilized for financial restructuring.

Finance Dictionary Pro

Our mission is to empower you with the tools and knowledge you need to make informed decisions, understand intricate financial concepts, and stay ahead in an ever-evolving market.