Accounting

Form 1120S: S Corporation Tax Return Form
An in-depth overview of Form 1120S, including its purpose, usage, and key components for S-corporations, a type of pass-through entity.
Form 2106 vs. Form 2106-EZ: Understanding the Differences
A comprehensive guide to the differences between IRS Form 2106 and Form 2106-EZ, their uses, and how to file them for tax deductions.
Form 706: The United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return
Detailed explanation of Form 706, the United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return, covering its purpose, requirements, filing guidelines, historical context, and more.
Form 8824: Reporting Like-Kind Exchanges
Form 8824 is an IRS form used to report like-kind exchanges of property, particular transactions that are tax-deferred under Internal Revenue Code Section 1031.
Form 941: Employer's Quarterly Federal Tax Return
Form 941 is used by employers in the United States to report wages paid to employees and the taxes withheld from their wages.
Form W-2: The Employer’s Wage and Tax Statement
An in-depth look at Form W-2, the document employers use to report employees' annual wages and the amount of taxes withheld from their paycheck.
FRANKED SORPS: Overview and Explanation
A comprehensive look at FRANKED SORPS and their importance in the context of Statements of Recommended Practice (SORPS).
FRED: Financial Reporting Exposure Draft
An in-depth look at Financial Reporting Exposure Drafts (FRED), their significance in financial accounting, and their impact on financial reporting standards.
Free Asset Ratio: An Overview
The Free Asset Ratio (FAR) is a vital metric in the insurance industry that compares the market value of an insurance company's assets to its liabilities.
Free Cash Flow (FCF): Comprehensive Definition
Understanding Free Cash Flow (FCF), a crucial financial metric that represents the cash generated by a company after accounting for operating expenses and capital expenditures.
Free Cash Flow: A Measure of Cash Generation or Consumption
Free cash flow (FCF) is an important financial metric that represents the cash a company generates or consumes. This measure is often used by managers and investors to assess a company’s financial health and its ability to grow, pay dividends, reduce debt, or reinvest in the business. The concept of free cash flow is not standardized under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), and various definitions and equations may be applied.
Free Depreciation: A Flexible Tax Relief Method
Free Depreciation allows businesses to charge the cost of fixed assets against taxable profits in flexible proportions, offering significant tax relief and financial planning advantages.
Freight In: The Cost of Transporting Goods Inwards
An in-depth look at the concept of Freight In, also known as Carriage Inwards, covering its historical context, importance in accounting, and its applicability in various sectors.
FRR: Financial Reporting Release
Financial Reporting Release (FRR) refers to directives and interpretations provided by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) related to financial reporting.
FRRP: Financial Reporting Review Panel
Comprehensive coverage of the Financial Reporting Review Panel (FRRP) including its history, role, importance, key functions, and related concepts in the fields of Finance, Accounting, and Corporate Governance.
FRS: Financial Reporting Standard
Financial Reporting Standards (FRS) are designed to guide the preparation of financial statements to ensure transparency, reliability, and consistency.
FRS 102: Financial Reporting Standard Applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland
An in-depth exploration of FRS 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland, including its history, key components, applications, and impact on financial reporting.
FRSSE: Financial Reporting Standard for Smaller Entities
An in-depth look at the Financial Reporting Standard for Smaller Entities, its significance, key components, historical development, and practical applications.
Full Absorption Costing: An In-Depth Overview
Full Absorption Costing, also known as Absorption Costing, is a method of cost accounting that captures all manufacturing costs into the cost of a product.
Full Accounts: Comprehensive Financial Statements
Detailed financial statements that include comprehensive information on all line items, offering insights into the financial health of a company.
Full Consolidation: Method of Financial Statement Consolidation
Full Consolidation is a method where 100% of all subsidiary undertakings' items are included in the consolidated financial statements of a group. It accounts for assets, liabilities, income, and expenses, and adjusts for minority interests.
Full Costing Method: Comprehensive Cost Accounting
Full Costing Method involves charging all the costs of an organization, both direct costs and overheads, to the cost unit, typically using the absorption approach to costing.
Full IFRS: Comprehensive International Accounting Standards
Full IFRS refers to the complete set of International Financial Reporting Standards, which are mandatory for large, publicly listed companies to ensure uniformity, transparency, and comparability in their financial statements.
Fully Diluted Earnings Per Share: Comprehensive Overview
An in-depth article on Fully Diluted Earnings Per Share (EPS), explaining its definition, historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, inspirational stories, famous quotes, proverbs and clichés, expressions, jargon, and slang, FAQs, references, and summary.
Fully Diluted EPS: Comprehensive Overview and Analysis
Fully Diluted Earnings Per Share (EPS) is a financial metric that provides a conservative estimate of a company's earnings per share, considering all possible sources of conversion into common stock, such as convertible securities, options, and warrants.
Function Costing: An Overview
Function Costing is a technique used in managerial accounting to collect and present organizational costs by function to functional management in regular operating statements.
Functional Currency: The Core of an Entity's Economic Environment
An in-depth exploration of functional currency, its historical context, rules for translation, and its significance in financial reporting within multinational groups.
Funded Status: The Difference Between Plan Assets and the Pension Obligation
An in-depth exploration of Funded Status, including its historical context, types, key events, explanations, formulas, and applications in the realms of finance and pension planning.
Funding Shortfall: Understanding the Gap Between Liabilities and Assets
An in-depth exploration of funding shortfall, the gap between pension plan liabilities and assets, covering historical context, key events, mathematical models, and practical implications.
Funds Flow Statement: Source and Application of Funds
A comprehensive look at Funds Flow Statement, detailing its historical context, key components, importance, and application in finance and accounting.
Further Processing Costs: Additional Costs Incurred After Split-Off Point
Further processing costs are additional costs incurred after the split-off point to make a product ready for sale. They play a critical role in managerial decision-making, especially in cost accounting and the allocation of resources.
Future Tax Benefit: Deferred Fiscal Advantages
Future tax benefits encompass both tax carryforwards and other credits or deductions that are deferred for future use. These benefits allow businesses and individuals to reduce taxable income in subsequent periods, thereby optimizing tax efficiency over time.
FVA: Fair Value Accounting
An in-depth look at Fair Value Accounting (FVA), including its history, types, models, and its importance in financial reporting.
GAAP vs. IFRS: A Comparative Analysis
A detailed comparison of GAAP and IFRS, exploring their differences, key concepts, applications, and implications for multinational corporations.
GAAS: Generally Accepted Auditing Standards
Comprehensive guide on Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS), including history, types, key principles, and applications in auditing practice.
Gain or Loss: Financial Outcome Analysis
A comprehensive analysis of Gain or Loss, the difference between the selling price and the basis of property, covering historical context, categories, key events, formulas, examples, and more.
GAO: Government Accountability Office
The Government Accountability Office (GAO) is an independent, non-partisan agency that works for the U.S. Congress. Often referred to as the 'congressional watchdog,' GAO investigates how the federal government spends taxpayer dollars.
GASB: Governmental Accounting Standards Board
A comprehensive overview of the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB), its historical context, functions, key events, importance, applicability, and related terms.
Gearing: The Balance between Equity and Debt
Gearing refers to the relationship between the funds provided to a company by ordinary shareholders and long-term funds with a fixed interest charge, such as debentures and preference shares. It is a measure of a company's financial leverage.
Gearing Adjustment: Adjusting Financial Statements for Inflation
Gearing Adjustment is an accounting technique used in current-cost accounting to reduce the financial burden on owners by factoring in the effect of price changes on depreciation, stock, and working capital.
General Business Credit vs. Deductions: Key Differences Explained
Understand the fundamental differences between General Business Credits and Tax Deductions, how they impact tax liability and taxable income, their types, applicability, and more.
General Controls: Ensuring Integrity in Computer-Based Systems
General Controls are essential in maintaining the security and integrity of computer-based accounting systems. They include measures for the development, implementation, and operation of these systems.
General Expenses: Unclassified Organizational Costs
General expenses are those expenses of an organization that cannot easily be placed in any other cost classification. They represent miscellaneous costs that support the overall functioning of the organization.
General Ledger: Comprehensive Guide to Financial Recording
An in-depth exploration of the General Ledger, its historical context, components, importance in accounting, examples, and related terms. Understand how this essential accounting tool aids in financial management and decision-making.
General Ledger (GL): The Central Repository for Accounting Data
The General Ledger (GL) is the master set of accounts that provides a complete record of a company’s financial transactions over its lifetime.
General Ledger vs. Sub-Ledger: Understanding Key Differences
A comprehensive comparison between the General Ledger and Sub-Ledgers, including their definitions, functions, and applications in accounting.
General Purpose Financial Statements: Comprehensive Overview
A thorough examination of General Purpose Financial Statements, including historical context, key events, importance, types, considerations, related terms, and more.
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice: Comprehensive Overview
An in-depth exploration of Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (UK GAAP), its historical context, key standards, impacts, and future developments.
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles: Comprehensive Guide to US GAAP
An extensive guide to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP), encompassing historical context, key events, detailed explanations, and their significance in financial reporting.
Generally Accepted Auditing Standards: Systematic Guidelines for Auditing Financial Records
Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS) are a set of systematic guidelines utilized by auditors during the auditing process to ensure accuracy, consistency, and verifiability of financial records.
Geographic Segment Reporting: Apportion Financial Data by Regions
Geographic Segment Reporting apportions financial data based on different geographic regions, offering insights into regional performance and strategic decision-making.
Global Income: Comprehensive Definition
An extensive overview of Global Income, its definition, types, examples, historical context, applicability, comparisons, related terms, FAQs, references, and summary for residents subject to global taxation.
Going-Concern Concept: A Fundamental Accounting Principle
The Going-Concern Concept in accounting assumes that an enterprise will continue operations for the foreseeable future, influencing how assets and liabilities are reported in financial statements.
Good Output: Definition and Significance in Process Costing
Good Output in process costing refers to the sound and flawless output from a process, after accounting for normal and abnormal losses. Learn about its historical context, key events, and significance in manufacturing.
Goods Receipt Note (GRN): Document Acknowledging Receipt of Goods
A comprehensive exploration of the Goods Receipt Note (GRN), including its definition, historical context, importance, types, examples, and related terms in the fields of Logistics, Supply Chain Management, and Accounting.
Goods Received Note (GRN): Importance in Supply Chain Management
A comprehensive overview of Goods Received Notes (GRN) detailing their importance, historical context, types, key events, formulas, and applications in supply chain management.
Goods Return Note (GRN): Comprehensive Guide
Explore the detailed aspects of Goods Return Note (GRN), including its definition, types, key events, mathematical models, importance, applicability, examples, and related terms in the context of supply chain management.
Goodwill: An Intangible Asset with Strategic Importance
Goodwill represents an intangible asset arising from factors like customer connections and reputation. It's the value difference between a business's net assets and its total valuation, often arising in acquisitions.
Goodwill Write-Off Reserve: Accounting for Intangible Asset Adjustments
A comprehensive look at the goodwill write-off reserve, an essential component in accounting for intangible assets. Includes historical context, key events, types, and detailed explanations.
Governmental Accounting: Definition and Overview
Governmental Accounting refers to a type of accounting specifically designed for government entities, focusing on tracking financial activities and ensuring compliance with state and federal regulations.
Grand Total: Comprehensive Sum Explained
The Grand Total is the sum that provides a complete overview by aggregating values across multiple categories or pages, often used in financial and statistical contexts.
Gross Corporation Tax: The Total Corporation Tax Before Deductions
Gross Corporation Tax is the total corporation tax payable on the profits chargeable to corporation tax for an accounting period, before any deductions for income tax suffered on investment income.
Gross Cost: Initial Expenditure to Acquire an Asset
Gross cost refers to the initial expenditure necessary to acquire an asset, without taking into account any subsequent income, benefits, or deductions.
Gross Equity Method: Accounting for Associated Undertakings
The Gross Equity Method is a technique of accounting where an investor reflects its share of the associated entity's aggregate gross assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. The profit and loss account notes the share of the turnover.
Gross Loss: Total Initial Claim Without Deductions
Gross Loss refers to the total initial claim without any deductions, commonly occurring when the cost of goods sold (COGS) exceeds sales revenue, excluding operating expenses and other costs.
Gross Margin: A Measure of Profitability
Gross Margin represents the percentage of total sales revenue that a company retains after incurring the direct costs associated with producing the goods and services it sells.
Gross Margin Return on Inventory Investment (GMROI): Measure of Inventory Profitability
Gross Margin Return on Inventory Investment (GMROI) is a key financial metric that evaluates the profitability of an entity's inventory by comparing the gross margin with the average inventory cost, providing insights into inventory efficiency.
Gross Operating Income: Overview and Definition
Gross Operating Income refers to the total income generated from a company's core business operations before any expenses are deducted. It serves as a critical indicator of operational efficiency and profitability.
Gross Pay: Total Income Before Any Deductions
Gross Pay refers to the total earnings of an employee before any deductions such as taxes and benefits.
Gross Pay: Understanding Total Earnings
Gross Pay refers to the total amount earned by an employee before any deductions like taxes, benefits, and garnishments. It forms the basis for calculating net pay and is essential in understanding overall compensation.
Gross Payment: The Total Amount Before Any Deductions
An in-depth exploration of Gross Payment, including its definition, importance, calculation, and impact on various financial aspects.
Gross Price: The Total Cost Before Any Deductions
Gross price is the total cost of a product or service before any deductions such as taxes, discounts, and other reductions. It serves as the initial price point in various financial and commercial transactions.
Gross Profit: Measuring Core Business Profitability
Gross Profit, also known as gross margin or gross profit margin, is the difference between the sales revenue of a business and the cost of sales. It excludes the costs of finance, administration, or distribution.
Gross Profit Margin: Financial Health Assessment Metric
Gross Profit Margin is a key financial metric used to assess a company's core profitability by revealing the proportion of money left over from revenues after accounting for the cost of goods sold (COGS).
Gross Profit Percentage: A Key Indicator of Financial Performance
The Gross Profit Percentage, also known as the gross margin ratio, is a ratio of financial performance calculated by expressing the gross profit as a percentage of sales.

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