Instances in which corporations have been found in serious breach of accounting ethics generally by falsifying or manipulating information so that financial statements do not give a true and fair view of the company's performance.
A legal defence where a senior executive claims ignorance of fraudulent or unlawful practices within their company.
An in-depth examination of bribery, its historical context, types, key events, legal definitions, and practical applications.
A code of best practice, established by Thomas Dunfee and David Hess of the University of Pennsylvania, describing how a company and its employees should deal with any attempt to make or solicit improper payments.
An in-depth exploration of the Combined Code, its historical context, principles, key events, and relevance in corporate governance for UK companies.
Creative Accounting involves using alternative, often legally permissible methods, to manipulate financial figures for presenting them in a desired manner. This can include shifting receipts between income and capital gains, leasing back sold assets, or relegating transactions to off-balance-sheet accounts.
An in-depth look at Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), its history, types, importance, and impact on modern businesses and society.
Duty of Loyalty refers to the obligation of an individual, especially in a fiduciary capacity, to avoid conflicts of interest and act for the benefit of another party without personal gain.
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) refers to the set of criteria used to evaluate a company's performance on sustainable and ethical issues. These criteria help in assessing how well a company manages its environmental impact, social responsibilities, and governance practices.
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act 1977 is a key US legislation outlawing bribery and corruption by US companies in their overseas operations. The 1998 amendment extended the scope to actions by foreign citizens and companies on US territory.
An alleged practice where auditors reduce their fees for statutory audits in hope of earning lucrative non-audit work, potentially threatening their independence.
The OECD Convention, officially known as the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, is a pivotal international agreement aimed at curbing corruption in global trade and investment.
The practice of raising prices on essential goods and services to an unfair level, particularly during emergencies. Often used interchangeably with profiteering.
An in-depth exploration of profiteering, its historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, and its implications in the business world.
An in-depth look at Remuneration Committees, their roles, historical context, significance in corporate governance, and key considerations.
Reneging refers to the act of going back on a promise, contract, or bargain. This can result in short-term gains but often leads to long-term losses in reputation, trust, and economic efficiency. The legal system plays a crucial role in mitigating the effects of reneging.
The Satyam Scandal involves an extensive accounting fraud at the Indian software company Satyam, where financial figures were grossly inflated for years. It is one of the biggest corporate frauds in Indian history.
Whistleblowing involves reporting unethical or illegal activities within an organization, ensuring transparency, accountability, and adherence to moral and legal standards.
The Business Judgment Rule provides legal protection to corporate executives' decisions made in good faith, discouraging judicial interference in corporate governance.
An in-depth look at the concept of the Chinese Wall, an imaginary barrier established within service companies to prevent conflicts of interest between departments.
An in-depth exploration of deceptive advertising, its forms, legal implications, and preventive measures.
A comprehensive guide to understanding greenwashing, its mechanisms, real-world examples, and relevant statistics.
An in-depth look at the United Nations Global Compact, its definition, purpose, and the 10 principles that guide responsible business practices worldwide.
Explore the intricacies of voodoo accounting, including its definition, mechanisms, examples, and implications. Understand how these practices deviate from conservative and proper accounting standards.
