Finance

Pre-emption Rights: Protection for Shareholders
A comprehensive exploration of pre-emption rights, their historical context, importance in corporate governance, methodologies, and implications.
Pre-IPO: The Phase Before Going Public
The pre-IPO phase refers to the period before a company goes public, during which it offers shares to select investors and prepares for an Initial Public Offering (IPO).
Pre-packaged Bankruptcy: Streamlined Financial Restructuring
An advanced form of bankruptcy where the debtor negotiates and secures agreement on a reorganization plan with its creditors prior to filing for Chapter 11.
Pre-Qualification vs. Pre-Approval: Understanding the Differences in Mortgage Processes
A comprehensive look into the differences between pre-qualification and pre-approval in mortgage lending, detailing their processes, significance, and impact on borrower credibility.
Pre-Sales Commitment: Agreements to Purchase or Lease Units Before Project Completion
Pre-Sales Commitment refers to legally binding agreements to purchase or lease units within a property development project before its completion. It is a crucial factor often necessary for securing take-out loans.
Pre-tax Deductions: A Comprehensive Overview
Detailed exploration of pre-tax deductions, their types, historical context, key events, formulas, and real-world applications.
Pre-Tax Profits: An In-Depth Analysis
A comprehensive overview of pre-tax profits, including its historical context, importance, formulas, and real-world applications.
Pre-Tax Return: Understanding Investment Returns Before Taxes
Pre-Tax Return refers to the profit from an investment before any taxes are deducted. It provides a clear picture of the investment's gross performance.
Precautionary Motive: The Motive to Hold Money for the Unexpected
An in-depth exploration of the precautionary motive to hold money as a buffer against unforeseen financial needs, its historical context, types, key events, formulas, and more.
Precedent Transactions: Method of Valuing Business Units Based on Similar Past Transactions
Precedent Transactions, also known as "M&A Comps," is a valuation method where comparable past transactions are used to estimate the value of a current business unit. This technique provides insights into market trends and valuation multiples.
Preceding-Year Basis: Taxation and Profit Assessment
A comprehensive overview of the Preceding-Year Basis (PYB), a method for assessing profits in taxation based on the previous year's accounts. Detailed explanations, historical context, examples, and its replacement in the UK tax system.
Preceding-Year Basis (PYB): Understanding Taxation Methodology
An in-depth exploration of the Preceding-Year Basis (PYB) as a taxation method, covering its historical context, application, importance, examples, and related terms.
Predatory Pricing: Strategic Market Manipulation
An in-depth exploration of predatory pricing, its historical context, key events, mathematical models, and implications on market dynamics.
Prediction Market: A Market for Forecasting Outcomes
A prediction market is a type of market created for the purpose of forecasting the outcome of events where participants buy and sell shares that represent their confidence in a certain event occurring.
Predictive Dialer: Automated Telephone Dialing Systems
An in-depth guide to predictive dialers, which are automated telephone dialing systems that increase cold call efficiency by calling multiple numbers simultaneously and connecting answered calls to available agents.
Preference: The Favoring by an Insolvent Debtor of a Particular Creditor
Preference in bankruptcy and insolvency involves a debtor favoring one creditor over others by making payments or transferring assets in a manner that may not be equitable. This entry covers the definition, historical context, legal implications, key events, and examples of preference, as well as related terms and FAQs.
Preference Dividend: Understanding Its Importance in Finance
A comprehensive guide to Preference Dividends, including their historical context, types, key events, explanations, and practical applications in finance.
Preference Share: Fixed Percentage Dividend
A comprehensive guide to understanding Preference Shares, their types, importance, and role in financial structures.
Preference Share Capital: An In-depth Guide
A comprehensive exploration of preference share capital, including its types, historical context, key events, mathematical models, importance, and practical examples.
Preferential Creditor: Priority in Debt Repayment
A comprehensive overview of Preferential Creditors, including their significance, types, and historical context in bankruptcy and company winding-up scenarios.
Preferential Debt: Priority in Repayment
An in-depth look at preferential debt, its historical context, types, key events, formulas, importance, examples, related terms, comparisons, and more.
Preferred Equity: Capital with Fixed Dividends and Priority
Preferred equity refers to capital raised through the issuance of preferred shares, which generally come with fixed dividends and have priority over ordinary shares in terms of dividend payments and asset liquidation.
Preferred Insurance: Lower Rates and More Benefits
Preferred Insurance offers lower rates and more benefits, typically available to individuals with an excellent driving record and other positive factors.
Preferred Share: A Financial Instrument with Preferential Rights
A comprehensive exploration of preferred shares, their types, characteristics, historical context, importance, and comparisons with ordinary shares.
Preferred Shareholder Equity: An In-depth Examination
Comprehensive coverage of preferred shareholder equity, including its historical context, types, key events, mathematical models, importance, applicability, examples, and much more.
Preferred Shares: Shares with Specific Privileges but Limited Voting Rights
Preferred Shares are a class of ownership in a corporation with priority over common shares in terms of dividend payments and assets upon liquidation, generally lacking voting rights.
Preferred Stock: An Overview of Preference Shares
A detailed exploration of Preferred Stock, including its definition, historical context, types, key events, mathematical models, importance, applicability, examples, related terms, and more.
Preferred Stock vs. Common Stock: An In-depth Comparison
A comprehensive comparison between preferred stock and common stock, including definitions, types, examples, historical context, and more.
Prefinancing: An Advance Payment Arrangement
Prefinancing is an arrangement in which a buyer finances the activities of a supplier by making an advance payment against delivery. Often used in fair trade policies, it supports suppliers in developing regions by providing upfront payments.
Preliminary Announcement: Early Disclosure of Financial Performance
An overview of the early financial disclosure by listed companies under London Stock Exchange regulations, including definitions, historical context, key events, importance, and guidelines.
Preliminary Expenses: Essential Financial Setup Costs
Preliminary expenses refer to the initial costs incurred when setting up a company, including costs associated with issuing shares. These expenses can often be written off to the share premium account.
Premium: Regular Payments for Insurance Policies
Comprehensive guide on the term 'Premium' in the context of insurance, explaining its historical context, types, importance, applicability, examples, and related terminology.
Premium: A Comprehensive Guide
An in-depth exploration of 'Premium' in the context of insurance, securities, and investments. This article covers historical context, types, key events, explanations, formulas, charts, importance, examples, and related terms.
Premium: Understanding Financial Terms
A comprehensive guide to understanding the concept of 'Premium' in various contexts including insurance, stock markets, and interest rates.
Premium Bond: A Unique Investment Vehicle
A comprehensive guide to understanding Premium Bonds, a UK government security that combines savings with lottery-style winnings, offering tax-free prizes to bondholders.
Premium Bonds: Bonds Issued Above Their Face Value
Premium bonds are a type of bond that is issued above its face value, representing a higher initial cost but typically offering special advantages or potential higher returns.
Premium Grade: High-Quality Items That Are More Expensive
A comprehensive look at the concept of 'Premium Grade,' denoting high-quality items that come at a higher cost, across various industries and contexts.
Premium Load: An Additional Amount Added to the Base Premium
An in-depth exploration of Premium Load, the additional amount added to base premiums in insurance for covering administrative costs, contingencies, and profit.
Premium on Bonds: Explanation and Insights
A comprehensive guide to understanding the concept of 'Premium on Bonds,' the factors leading to bonds being sold above their par value, and the implications for investors and issuers.
Premium on Capital Stock: Excess Amount Over Par Value
An in-depth exploration of Premium on Capital Stock, its significance in financial statements, historical context, key aspects, and practical applications.
Premium Reserve: Essential Financial Safety Net in Insurance
The Premium Reserve is a crucial financial measure in insurance, allocated to cover potential future claims from existing policies, ensuring fiscal responsibility and customer protection.
Premium Tax Credit: A Financial Aid for Health Insurance
A refundable tax credit designed to assist eligible individuals and families in affording health insurance purchased through the Health Insurance Marketplace.
Premiums: Regular Payments to Maintain Insurance Policies
Periodic payments made by the policyholder to keep the insurance policy active, contributing to coverage and potentially building cash value depending on the policy type.
Prepaid: Payments Made in Advance
Prepaid describes payments made in advance often before receiving the goods or services, essential in fields like finance, insurance, real estate, and everyday transactions.
Prepaid Card: Preloaded with Funds and Used Until the Balance is Zero
A prepaid card is a financial card that comes preloaded with funds and can be used for transactions until the balance reaches zero. It is distinct from credit or debit cards and offers various functionalities and benefits.
Prepaid Cards: A Comprehensive Overview
Prepaid cards are financial tools that come pre-loaded with a specific amount of money, providing a versatile, convenient, and secure method for managing personal finances and making transactions.
Prepaid Contracts: Payment in Advance
Prepaid contracts involve paying for goods or services before receiving them, with varying implications for risk and cash flow management.
Prepaid Delivery: An In-Depth Analysis
A comprehensive overview of prepaid delivery, detailing its definitions, types, benefits, examples, and special considerations in various industries.
Prepaid Plans: Payment Made in Advance for a Specific Amount of Service or Goods
Prepaid plans refer to the payment made in advance for a predetermined amount of service or goods. This article provides a comprehensive overview, including types, examples, historical context, and applicability.
Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN): Unique Identifier for Tax Preparers
The Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN) is a unique identifier required for all tax preparers to include on their tax returns. This number is issued by the IRS to ensure each preparer is registered and authorized to submit tax documentation.
Prepayment: Payment in Advance
An in-depth analysis of prepayment, its historical context, categories, importance, and applications in various fields.
Prepayments: Payments Made in Advance for Future Goods or Services
Explore the concept of prepayments, including historical context, types, key events, formulas, diagrams, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, quotes, and more.
Present Discounted Value: Understanding Future Value in Present Terms
Present Discounted Value (PDV) is the method of determining the current value of a future payment or stream of payments given a specific rate of return or discount rate.
Present Value (PV): The Current Worth of Future Payments
Present Value (PV) is the current worth of a stream of future payments, calculated using a discount rate. It represents today's value of a future sum of money or series of cash flows, given a specified rate of return.
Present Value of Future Benefits: A Deep Dive into Pension Valuation
Understanding the Present Value of Future Benefits (PVFB) and its importance in pension valuation, financial planning, and investment decisions.
Present Value of One: Understanding the Time Value of Money
The present value of one is the current worth of a future sum of money given a specified rate of return. This concept is fundamental in finance and helps in comparing cash flows across different time periods.
Previous Balance Method: Definition and Usage
The Previous Balance Method utilizes the balance at the beginning of the billing cycle to calculate interest, often leading to higher charges compared to the average daily balance method.
Price: The Amount of Money Required to Purchase an Asset or Service
Price refers to the amount of money required to acquire a particular asset or service, crucial in various fields like economics, finance, and real estate.
Price: The Essential Indicator in Economics
An in-depth exploration of the concept of price in economics, including historical context, types, key events, models, charts, importance, examples, related terms, and more.
Price Break: Quantity-Based Price Reductions
An in-depth exploration of price breaks, their historical context, types, importance in economics, and their role in business strategy.
Price Correction: Understanding Market Adjustments
Price correction is a phenomenon in financial markets where the prices of securities adjust after a period of significant increase, bringing them closer to their intrinsic values.
Price Elasticity: Measurement of Price Responsiveness
Understanding Price Elasticity, its historical context, categories, key events, detailed explanations, formulas, importance, applicability, examples, and related terms.
Price Elasticity of Demand: Measuring Responsiveness of Demand to Price Changes
An in-depth exploration of Price Elasticity of Demand, its types, significance, and applications, complete with formulas, historical context, and examples.
Price Elasticity of Supply: Measure of Responsiveness of Quantity Supplied to Changes in Price
Price Elasticity of Supply (PES) quantifies the responsiveness of the quantity supplied of a good or service to a change in its price. It is a critical concept in Economics, helping understand market dynamics.
Price Index: An Aggregate Measure of Prices
A comprehensive article on the Price Index, detailing its history, types, key events, mathematical formulas, and importance in economics.
Price Leader: A Key Player in Market Dynamics
A comprehensive exploration of price leaders, firms whose price changes influence the market, including types, historical context, key events, examples, and importance.
Price Level: An Overview of Economic Indicators
Comprehensive insight into the general level of prices in an economy, measured by retail price indices or GDP deflators, with historical context, types, key events, and detailed explanations.
Price Limit: Maximum or Minimum Price Movements in Trading
Understanding Price Limits: Specific maximum or minimum price movements permitted within a trading day, instrumental in market stability.
Price Mechanism: Role in Market Economy
The price mechanism refers to the role of prices in a market economy in conveying information, providing incentives, guiding choices, and allocating resources.

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