Information Technology

Configure: Setting Up Systems and Applications
Step-by-step instructions on configuring computer systems and applications. Covers methods, considerations, examples, and troubleshooting.
Console: The Interface for Human-Computer Interaction
A Console is a device or software that serves as a control panel, enabling direct communication between humans and computers. It is fundamental for command-line tasks, system operations, and software programming.
Control Key: The Multifunctional Modifier on Computer Keyboards
An in-depth exploration of the Control Key, its functions, uses, history, and equivalents in various operating systems on modern computer keyboards.
Cookie: Essential Internet Browsing Technology
A Cookie is a small file downloaded to your computer when you browse a web page. It holds information that can be retrieved by other pages at the site. This article provides a comprehensive overview of Cookies, their types, uses, and implications.
Copy-Protected Software: Protection Against Unauthorized Duplication
Copy-protected software encompasses various techniques and measures designed to prevent unauthorized duplication and distribution of software applications. These mechanisms are crucial for safeguarding intellectual property and revenue streams in the software industry.
Cracker: Unauthorized Computer Intrusion Specialist
A person who breaks into computers via the Internet and uses them without authorization, either with malicious intent or simply to show that it can be done.
Crawler: Automated Web Exploration Program
A Crawler, also known as a spider, is a computer program designed to automatically explore the World Wide Web (WWW) and collect information.
Cross-Footing: Validating Spreadsheet Calculations
Cross-Footing is a method used in spreadsheets to ensure the accuracy of numerical data by totaling rows and columns and comparing the sums for agreement.
Cursor: Symbol Indicating Typing Position on a Screen
A computer cursor is a symbol that indicates the position on the screen where the next character will be typed, often appearing as a blinking dash or rectangle.
Data Compression: Reducing Computer File Size
Data compression is a technology that reduces the size of a computer file. It is especially important for files used on web pages, such as graphics and sound files, which are compressed to facilitate faster downloads. Compression methods are typically classified as lossless or lossy.
Debugging: The Process of Removing Bugs from Computer Programs
Debugging is the method of identifying and correcting errors in computer programs. This comprehensive entry delves into software debugging, its challenges, techniques, and impact on software development.
Decryption: Process of Decoding Encrypted Information
Decryption is the process of translating information from an unreadable or secret format into a form in which it can be used. Contrast with Encryption.
DELETE: Command to Remove Unwanted Characters or Data
The DELETE command is used to remove unwanted characters from a document or data from a storage medium. Deleted files are not immediately erased but their reference is removed, making the space available for reuse until overwritten.
Desktop (Computing): Graphical User Interface
The desktop in computing represents the computer screen in a graphical environment, such as Windows or the Macintosh operating system. Applications and documents are represented by icons on the desktop.
Developer: Role and Significance in Real Estate and Computing
A developer transforms raw land into improved land in real estate, utilizing labor, capital, and entrepreneurial efforts. In computing, a developer writes application software.
Device Driver: Enabling Communication Between Hardware and Computers
A device driver is a program that allows a hardware peripheral, such as a printer, to communicate with a computer. This entry covers the definition, types, historical context, examples, and related topics for a comprehensive understanding.
Dialog Box: Key Component of Graphical User Interfaces
A Dialog Box is a specialized window in graphical user interfaces (GUIs) that collects information from the user. It includes various interactive elements such as list boxes, text boxes, combo boxes, check boxes, radio buttons, and spin boxes.
DIF File: Data Interchange Format Explained
The Data Interchange Format (DIF) is a standardized way of transferring data between different programs. This format is commonly used to exchange spreadsheet and database information between various software applications.
Digitize: Converting Analog to Digital
The process of converting analog data into digital form for use by a computer. This includes examples such as using an optical scanner to convert a photograph into binary data.
Direct Access: Data Retrieval and Storage Without Sequence Consideration
Comprehensive explanation of Direct Access, a method of data processing that allows storage and retrieval of data without considering the sequence of data storage. Includes comparison to Random Access Memory (RAM), types, applications, and examples.
Directory: An Organized Area for Storing Files on a Disk
A directory is an area on a disk where files are stored and can contain subdivisions called subdirectories. It is essential for file organization and management.
DISK (Computer Memory Device): Definition and Functionality
A comprehensive exploration of DISK as a computer memory device, covering types, functionalities, historical development, and related technological aspects.
Disk Drive: Device Enabling Data Read/Write on Disks
A comprehensive explanation of the disk drive, a device enabling computers to read and write data on disks, including types, historical context, functionalities, and FAQs.
Docking Station: Connecting Notebook Computers to Peripherals
A docking station acts as a terminal to connect a notebook computer to other equipment such as a network or desktop monitor and keyboard. It may also contain a charger for the notebook's battery and additional disk drives.
Document: Definition and Context
A comprehensive overview of a document, including its types, usage in various fields, and its significance in both physical and digital forms.
Documentation: Written Description of a Computer Program
An in-depth exploration of various types of documentation associated with computer programs, including internal comments, on-line help, reference cards, manuals, and tutorials.
DOS: Disk-Operating System
DOS (Disk Operating System) is an acronym for disk-based operating systems, extensively used in early personal computers for managing hardware and executing software.
Dot (.) in an Internet Domain Name: Structure and Significance
A detailed exploration of the role and significance of the dot (.) in Internet domain names, including structure, examples, and historical context.
DOT-COM: Commercial Domain
DOT-COM refers to a generic top-level domain (gTLD) used on the internet's Domain Name System (DNS) for commercial entities.
Double-Click: Action with a Computer Mouse
A comprehensive guide on the double-click action performed with a computer mouse, its application, history, and related concepts.
DOWN: Unavailable for Use
DOWN refers to a state where a computer or system is unavailable for use, typically due to malfunctions or maintenance.
Download: Definition and Applications
Understanding the concept of downloading, its various applications, methods, and related technologies in computing.
DPI: Dots Per Inch
Understanding DPI (Dots Per Inch) and its significance in printer resolution and image quality.
Drag and Drop: Interaction Technique
An interaction technique used in computing where an object is clicked, moved, and released in a new location using a mouse or other pointing device.
Drill Down: Navigating Through Information Layers
Detailed understanding of 'Drill Down,' a term used to describe the process of accessing deeper levels of data or information through successive steps.
DROP-DOWN MENU: A Navigational Element in Computer Applications
A detailed and comprehensive look into the concept of a drop-down menu, its functionality, types, special considerations, historical context, applicability, comparisons, related terms, frequently asked questions, and references.
DVD: Digital Versatile Disc
An in-depth look at DVD, an optical disc with considerable storage capacity for data, video, and multimedia.
Electronic Bulletin Board: A Hub for Digital Communication
An Electronic Bulletin Board, or BBS, is a computer system that facilitates user interaction through the reading and posting of messages. It serves as a platform for digital communication and information exchange.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): Transforming Data Exchange for Businesses
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is the process of transferring data electronically between and within companies, instead of using paper, using agreed-upon standard formats for seamless and automatic processing.
Embedded Object: Integration Across Applications
An embedded object is a component created using one application and incorporated into a file created by another. This integration ensures that the object's original format is retained and editable using the original software.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): Comprehensive Business Management Software
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a software system designed to assist in the management of an enterprise, encompassing product planning, parts purchasing, inventory maintenance, supplier interaction, customer service, and order tracking. Integrated with a central database, ERP systems streamline processes across an organization.
ETIN: Electronic Transmitter Identification Number
The Electronic Transmitter Identification Number (ETIN) is a unique identification number assigned to entities transmitting electronic data for the purpose of ensuring data security and traceability.
Executive Information Services (EIS): Online Strategic Management System
Executive Information Services (EIS) is an online strategic management system that utilizes a central database to fulfill organizational information analysis requirements. EIS allows querying on a wide range of criteria to assist in the strategic decision-making process.
Export: Definition and Applications
Understanding the concept of export in international trade and data transfer, including definitions, examples, and related terms.
Extranet: Secure Business Information Sharing
An Extranet is a private network that utilizes Internet technology to securely share part of a business's information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other businesses.
Favorites: Easily Retrievable Documents or URLs
Microsoft's term for documents or URLs that have been marked for easy retrieval, commonly used in web browsers and file management systems.
Field: Group of Adjacent Characters in a Computer Word- or Data-processing System
In computing, a field represents a group of adjacent characters within a data record, storing individual pieces of information, such as an employee's name or Social Security number in a payroll system.
File: Definition and Uses
A comprehensive overview of the term 'file,' including its applications in organizing information, data storage, and formal submission processes.
File Server: Central Data Storage in Networking
A file server is a computer on a Local Area Network (LAN) that provides network users access to shared data and program files, often being more robust and faster than users' workstations.
File Transfer: The Process of Moving a Computer File
File transfer refers to the process of moving or transmitting a computer file from one location to another, whether between two programs, two computers, or other storage media.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP): An Internet Protocol for Transferring Files
Comprehensive coverage on File Transfer Protocol (FTP), an Internet protocol that permits transferring files between computers via the Internet. Learn about its types, usage, and historical significance.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP): Secure Data Transfer over Networks
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files from one host to another over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet.
Firefox: A Popular Free Web Browser
Firefox, introduced in 2004 by Mozilla, is a widely-used free web browser known for its speed, security, and customization options.
Flame: Online Messages Expressing Strong Opinions or Criticisms
Flame refers to a public post or e-mail message expressing strong opinions or criticisms, often inflammatory. This entry covers its definition, types, historical context, examples, and related terms.
Flash Drive: A Storage Device Using Flash Memory
A flash drive is a portable storage device that utilizes flash memory to store data. Common types include USB drives, which connect to computers via USB ports.
Footer: Bottom Margin of Printed Document
A footer is the bottom margin of a printed document which repeats on every page and can include text, pictures, automatic consecutive page numbers, date, and time.
Full Duplex: Simultaneous Bidirectional Data Transmission
Full duplex is a mode of communication where data is transmitted and received simultaneously in both directions. Common in networks and telecommunication, it contrasts with half-duplex systems. See also Half-Duplex and Modem.
GB: Gigabyte Overview, Definition, Usage, and Examples
A comprehensive guide to understanding what a Gigabyte (GB) is, its usage, examples, and significance in various domains such as information technology and data storage.
GIGO: Garbage In, Garbage Out
An adage in computing and information sciences highlighting the impact of input quality on output accuracy.
Gmail: Google's Free Email Service
Gmail is a free email service provided by Google offering ample online storage for messages and advanced search capabilities. Accessible via the web, it allows users to manage their emails from any computer with internet access.
Google: The World's Leading Search Engine
An in-depth look at Google, the world's most popular search engine, its evolution, functionalities, and significance in the digital age.
Graphical User Interface (GUI): Visual Interaction with Computers
Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a user-friendly way for interacting with computers, utilizing visual elements like windows, icons, and buttons. It revolutionized computer use by replacing text-based interfaces.
Grid: A Pattern of Intersecting Lines
A grid is a pattern of intersecting horizontal and vertical lines used in various applications such as word processing tables, graphics programs, and design layouts.
Half Duplex: Transmission of Data in One Direction at a Time
In telecommunications, Half Duplex refers to the transmission of data in only one direction at a time, allowing for two-way communication but not simultaneously.
Hard Copy: Printout on Paper
A comprehensive explanation of 'hard copy', focusing on its contrast with information displayed on a computer screen.
Hash Total: A Control Mechanism in Auditing
An in-depth examination of hash totals, a key control precaution used by auditors in computer applications to identify record discrepancies.
HD (Hard Disk): Primary Data Storage Device
A comprehensive definition and overview of Hard Disk Drives, including types, historical context, and applicability in various fields.
Hibernate: Computer System Suspension State
A deep suspension state in computer systems where the entire memory contents are copied to disk, allowing the system to power down completely without losing the current session.
HIPAA-Compliant: Standards and Requirements
Comprehensive overview of HIPAA compliance, including requirements, types, special considerations, and related terms.
Host: Computer or Chat Room Manager
A comprehensive overview of the term 'Host,' covering its dual meanings in computer networking and chat room management.
Host Computer: Centralized Network Services Provider
A host computer is a central device that offers services to other computers interconnected through a network, often designated as remote when user interactions involve geographically distant systems.

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