A comprehensive overview of the Closed Shop system, its historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, and applicability in modern labor relations.
A legally binding agreement resulting from collective bargaining between an employer and a trade union, defining conditions of employment.
A comprehensive exploration of the role, functions, and significance of a Collective Bargaining Agent in labor negotiations.
Concessionary bargaining refers to a negotiation process where unions agree to surrender certain previous gains to secure future benefits or avoid layoffs and company closures.
An in-depth exploration of demarcation, its historical context, types, key events, explanations, mathematical models, importance, applicability, examples, and related terms.
A detailed exploration of grievance procedures, including their types, historical context, applicability in various sectors, and related terms.
A comprehensive analysis of Hot Cargo Clauses from definitions and historical contexts to applicability and related terms in labor relations.
Comprehensive coverage of industrial action, including historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, formulas, charts, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, stories, quotes, proverbs, expressions, jargon, FAQs, and references.
Industrial Unionism is a method of union organization wherein all workers in a particular industry are organized into a single union, regardless of the specific trade or craft. This approach contrasts with craft unionism, which organizes workers based on their specific skills or trades.
An agreement between a firm and the union(s) representing its employees that in the event of disagreements which cannot be resolved by negotiation both sides will accept the results of arbitration rather than resorting to strike action.
An in-depth exploration of overtime bans, a strategy used by employees to leverage negotiations by refusing to work beyond normal hours.
An in-depth exploration of picketing, a procedure during strikes involving placing strikers outside workplaces to inform and persuade other workers, suppliers, and customers, often seen in labor disputes.
A boundary established by workers on strike, typically outside their place of employment, serving as a means of protest and negotiation.
A shop steward is a worker elected at shop-floor level to represent fellow-workers in discussions with management. They play a crucial role in mediating between employees and management, addressing industrial relations issues early on to prevent disputes.
Short-Time Working involves reducing working hours instead of laying off employees, maintaining workforce contact and skills during periods of low demand.
A strike ballot is a formal vote by members of a trade union to decide whether to engage in strike action. It is often required by union rules or legal regulations before a strike can be initiated.
A comprehensive guide to understanding the differences between a strike vote and an authorization vote in labor unions, including definitions, examples, historical context, and applicability.
Detailed comparison between strikes and work stoppages, their definitions, types, historical context, applicability, and legal considerations.
Strikes are work stoppages initiated by employees to advocate for improved working conditions, higher pay, or other employment terms.
A sympathy strike occurs when workers at one company strike in support of another group's labor action. Often considered secondary actions, sympathy strikes are a way for workers to show solidarity.
An organization of employees formed for collective bargaining with employers over wages, hours, conditions of service, and job security.
An under-foreman, similar to a straw boss, supervises a team of workers within a defined structure. This role is essential in managing and coordinating tasks to ensure productivity and efficiency.
A comprehensive guide on Unfair Dismissal, its historical context, categories, key events, and detailed explanations. Learn about relevant laws, the process of addressing unfair dismissal, and important considerations.
An organized association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests.
An in-depth look at Union Busting, the tactics used by employers to disrupt unionization, and its historical and modern implications.
A comprehensive look into Union Security Agreements, their types, historical context, key events, legal implications, and significance in labor relations.
An occupation or workplace where the workers are organized in a trade union, which is recognized as representing them in negotiations with employers over pay and working conditions.
Wage restraint involves decisions by trade unions to either refrain from demanding wage increases or to moderate their demands. This practice is often encouraged by governments aiming to control inflation.
Wage Round refers to a period of regular pay negotiations, usually when the employees are unionized. It involves discussions between the employees' representatives (typically unions) and the employers to determine wages and benefits.
An in-depth look into Wages Councils, regulatory bodies established to set minimum wages in various industries with historically low pay and weak collective bargaining.
A detailed comparative analysis of walkout and wildcat strike, their definitions, types, historical context, and implications.
A comprehensive guide to Weingarten Rights, which protect employees' rights to have union representation during investigatory interviews that may lead to disciplinary action.
A Wildcat Strike refers to an unplanned and unsanctioned labor strike that is initiated by a group of employees without the support or approval of their trade union.
Work-to-Rule is a form of industrial action where employees perform their tasks exactly as outlined in their job descriptions to highlight inefficiencies or unsafe practices, slowing productivity without a full stoppage.
A comprehensive article on Works Councils, their structure, importance, historical context, types, and applicability. Understand how these councils play a role in fostering communication between management and workers, improving work conditions, and addressing grievances.
An agency shop is a type of labor relations arrangement where employees must pay union fees even if they are not union members. This setup is typically stipulated in collective bargaining agreements and can vary based on state laws.
The Bargaining Unit: A group of employees certified by the National Labor Relations Board to be included in a union or represented by a bargaining agent, subject to legal constraints and guidelines.
Boulewarism, named for the General Electric vice president who pioneered this practice, involves management presenting take-it-or-leave-it offers directly to union members during collective bargaining. This practice was ruled illegal under the Wagner Act.
Certification Mark refers to an officially issued or authorized license for various activities by the government or its authorized units. In labor relations, it signifies formal recognition of a union's status as the recognized collective bargaining agent.
Detailed exploration of Company Unions, their characteristics, implications, history, and comparison with independent labor unions.
Conciliation is the process of persuading management and labor to meet and discuss differences in order to reconcile disputing parties and resolve labor disputes.
A comprehensive overview of a craft union, its types, historical context, special considerations, and comparisons with industry-wide unions.
An overview of the concept of dues checkoff, where an employee permits an employer to withhold union dues directly from their paycheck, demonstrating cooperation between the employer, employee, and union.
Featherbedding refers to work rules that require payment to employees for work that is not done or not needed. This concept is often associated with labor unions' efforts to protect existing jobs by prohibiting the use of new technology.
The Guaranteed Annual Wage (GAW) plan provided by employers ensures eligible employees receive a minimum amount of work or pay annually, contingent upon meeting specific requirements.
A comprehensive look at the phrase 'Hit the Bricks,' commonly used to describe employees going on strike against their employer. This entry explores its meanings, origins, relevance, and implications.
Comprehensive analysis of individual bargaining dynamics compared to collective bargaining, including key considerations and examples.
Industrial unions bring together workers from different crafts within the same industry under one union, a concept notably utilized by the CIO to organize large corporations like General Motors, U.S. Steel, and Ford.
Understanding the significance, types, and implications of labor agreements in shaping the terms and conditions of the work environment.
An in-depth look at the Labor-Management Relations Act, also known as the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, which amended the Wagner Act of 1935. This entry covers its key provisions, historical context, impacts, and related terms.
Comprehensive overview of the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (LMRDA) of 1959, also known as the Landrum-Griffin Act, including its provisions, historical context, and implications for labor unions and management.
The Landrum-Griffin Act, also known as the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959, was implemented to eradicate corruption within labor unions and safeguard union members' rights. It includes a 'bill of rights' for union members, stipulates procedures for union elections, and outlines legal recourse against unions, among other regulations.
A local union represents the bargaining unit in an organization, holding significant authority over the work environment compared to the national union.
Lockout is a management action that prevents employees from performing their work until a labor settlement is reached. It involves physically barring employees from entering the workplace.
The requirement for union members to maintain their membership for the duration of a labor agreement, while not mandating workers to join the union.
Multiemployer bargaining is an association of employers in the same industry who bargain with labor as a collectivity; also called association bargaining. This pattern of bargaining is characteristic of several industries, including maritime trades, printing, longshoring, trucking, clothing manufacture, construction, and coal mining.
Detailed exploration of multiple shops, where both professional and nonprofessional employees are represented in the same bargaining unit, including legal requirements, historical context, and implications.
The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an independent agency created by Congress to oversee relationships between unions and employees, settle labor disputes, and enforce its judgments in federal courts.
The National Mediation Board, established by the Railway Labor Act in 1926, is a three-member board responsible for designating the bargaining representative for any bargaining unit within the railway or air transport industries.
The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), also known as the Wagner Act, is a foundational statute in United States labor law that protects the rights of employees and employers, encourages collective bargaining, and curtails certain private sector labor and management practices, which can harm the general welfare of workers, businesses, and the U.S. economy.
An Open Shop is an enterprise that employs workers without regard to their union membership status.
A primary boycott encompasses union actions to prevent the use, purchase, or transportation of an employer's products, goods, or services without involving third parties.
The role and significance of Safety Commissions in promoting and supervising safety practices within organizations, distinguishing between public and private sector functions.
Individuals who work for an employer while a strike condition exists, known as SCABS, cross a union's picket line, whether they are nonunion or union members, to perform work.
A detailed exploration of secondary boycotts, their definition, legality, historical context, and implications in labor relations.
A Shop Steward is a union member elected by fellow union members to represent them in discussions and negotiations with management regarding grievances, requests, and labor conditions.
An in-depth look at slowdowns, a strategic form of work protest used by employees to apply economic pressure on employers without resorting to a strike.
Speedup refers to the practice where employers push for greater productivity from workers without increasing their wages. This productivity demand can come through increased workloads, reduced break times, or intensified work pace.
Definition and roles of a steward in different contexts, including labor unions and air travel.
A Strike Notice is an official communication from a union to an employer and relevant agencies indicating an impending strike due to unresolved labor disputes.
A detailed exploration of strike pay, its purpose, sources, and implications for union members during labor strikes.
A comprehensive overview of strike votes, their significance in labor unions, procedure, and implications for both employees and employers.
A sympathetic strike is a labor action undertaken by workers who have no direct dispute with their employer, to show solidarity with another striking union.
A comprehensive guide to Two-Tier Wage Plans, which allow companies to pay new employees a lower rate than veteran employees to stay competitive.
An in-depth exploration of Unfair Labor Practices, as determined by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), defined under the Wagner Act and the Taft-Hartley Act.
Union employee associations are organizations created to advocate for employee rights and work-related welfare, recognized under various labor acts.
An in-depth overview of Union Rate, its establishment through collective bargaining, types, historical context, and implications in various industries.
Union Recognition involves the acknowledgment of a union as an official bargaining agent for a bargaining unit, achieved typically through a secret-ballot election supervised by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).
Union Salting is a union organizing method involving members joining a non-unionized workplace with the aim of organizing its employees.
Understanding the concept of a union shop, a modified labor agreement requiring new employees to join the union while allowing existing employees the option to remain non-members.
Detailed insight into Vertical Unions, their history, significance, and comparison with other union types.
A walkout refers to a sudden work stoppage by employees aimed at obtaining better working conditions. Often utilized as a form of protest, walkouts are a significant aspect of labor relations and industrial action.
A comprehensive overview of Wildcat Strikes, unauthorized labor strikes initiated without approval from union leadership.
Wildcat strikes are sudden and unannounced work stoppages while a labor contract is still in effect. They are not authorized by union management and are illegal. These strikes usually result from disputes regarding wages and working conditions.
An employment contract expressly prohibiting union affiliation under pain of dismissal, historically declared unenforceable by federal and state statutes.
An in-depth look at official strikes, including their definition, the process involved, and a real-world example.
An in-depth exploration of unofficial strikes, their causes, historical examples, and implications for labor relations.
