What Is Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)?

August 25, 2024 4 min read Economics Government Regulations Labor Market Economic Data U.S. Department of Labor Price Changes Employment Statistics

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is the principal U.S. federal agency responsible for measuring labor market activity, working conditions, and price changes in the economy. It collects, analyzes, and disseminates essential economic information to support public and private decision making.

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS): Principal U.S. Federal Agency for Labor Market Insights

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The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is the principal U.S. federal agency responsible for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating essential economic information for understanding labor market conditions, working conditions, and price changes in the economy. As an independent statistical agency under the U.S. Department of Labor, it aims to promote informed decision-making in both the public and private sectors by providing objective, timely, accurate, and relevant data and analysis.

Functions of the BLS

Collecting Data

The BLS is known for its rigorous and systematic data collection processes. These processes include surveys, censuses, and administrative records that gather information on employment, unemployment, wages, productivity, and price changes.

Employment and Unemployment Data: The BLS conducts the Current Population Survey (CPS) in cooperation with the Census Bureau to provide key insights into labor market activity.
Wage and Compensation Data: Through the National Compensation Survey (NCS), detailed information on wages and employee benefits is collected.
Price Changes: The Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Producer Price Index (PPI) are two primary measures the BLS uses for tracking price changes in the economy.

Analyzing Data

BLS experts critically analyze the vast quantities of data collected to produce comprehensive reports. These analyses help identify trends, make forecasts, and understand economic conditions.

Employment Projections: The BLS provides biennial employment projections which are essential for planning and policy-making.
Productivity Analysis: Studies on productivity trends and their implications for economic growth and competitiveness are part of the BLS’s key functions.

Disseminating Information

The information collected and analyzed by the BLS is made accessible to stakeholders through various publications, datasets, and online platforms.

Monthly Publications: “The Employment Situation” is a well-known monthly report that provides updates on labor market conditions.
Public Data Access: Tools like the BLS Data Finder allow users to explore datasets and download relevant economic statistics.

Historical Context

The BLS was founded in 1884 to address the need for comprehensive labor statistics. Originally part of the Department of the Interior, it was transferred to the newly established U.S. Department of Labor in 1913. Over the decades, the BLS has evolved to incorporate advancements in statistical methodologies and technology, continually enhancing its capacity to provide high-quality economic data.

Applicability

Public Sector Use

Government agencies utilize BLS data for policy formulation, social programs, and regulatory measures aimed at enhancing economic stability and growth.

Private Sector Use

Businesses and investors use BLS data to make informed decisions regarding investments, market strategies, and workforce management.

Academic and Research Use

Academicians and researchers depend on BLS data for conducting economic research, developing theories, and providing empirical evidence for studies.

Comparisons

BLS vs. Census Bureau

While both agencies collect important economic data, the BLS focuses more on labor statistics, price indexes, and productivity data. The Census Bureau, on the other hand, broadens its focus to include demographic, social, and economic characteristics through decennial censuses.

BLS vs. Federal Reserve

The Federal Reserve relies on BLS data to inform monetary policy but primarily focuses on financial stability, banking regulation, and the management of national monetary policy.

Current Population Survey (CPS): A monthly survey conducted by the BLS and Census Bureau to collect data on employment and unemployment.
Consumer Price Index (CPI): A measure that examines the weighted average of prices of a basket of consumer goods and services.
Producer Price Index (PPI): A measure that tracks the average changes in selling prices received by domestic producers for their output.
National Compensation Survey (NCS): Collects data on wages and benefits.

FAQs

What is the mission of the BLS?

The BLS’s mission is to collect, analyze, and disseminate essential economic information to support both public and private decision making.

How does the BLS ensure data accuracy?

The BLS employs rigorous statistical methodologies, continuous verification processes, and regular audits to ensure data accuracy and reliability.

Who uses BLS data?

Government agencies, private sector businesses, investors, academics, researchers, and the general public use BLS data for various purposes including policy making, economic analysis, investment planning, and educational research.

Can the public access BLS data?

Yes, BLS data is available to the public through various publications, datasets, and tools provided on the BLS website.

References

Bureau of Labor Statistics. (n.d.). About the BLS. Retrieved from BLS.gov

Summary

The Bureau of Labor Statistics plays a critical role in the U.S. by providing essential economic data that informs decision-making across various sectors. Established in 1884 and housed within the U.S. Department of Labor, the BLS continues to be a cornerstone for labor market analytics, influencing policy, business strategy, and academic research through its comprehensive and reliable data offerings.