Historical Context
Exurban areas are a relatively recent phenomenon, emerging prominently in the mid-to-late 20th century. As urban centers expanded and suburban areas became more densely populated, a segment of the population began moving further out, seeking a blend of rural and suburban living.
Types/Categories of Exurban Areas
Exurban areas can be broadly categorized into:
- Residential Exurbs: Primarily composed of large-lot single-family homes, these areas serve as bedroom communities for commuters working in urban centers.
- Mixed-use Exurbs: Areas that integrate residential living with small-scale commercial establishments.
- Rural Exurbs: Primarily rural with very low-density housing, these areas maintain significant agricultural or natural landscapes.
Key Events
- Post-World War II Boom: The rise of automobile ownership and highway systems facilitated the growth of exurban areas.
- Telecommuting Rise: Advancements in technology and flexible work arrangements have made exurban living more viable.
Detailed Explanations
Characteristics of Exurban Areas
- Low Population Density: Unlike suburban areas, exurbs have a more dispersed population.
- Distance from Urban Centers: Typically located 30 miles or more from urban cores.
- Natural and Agricultural Land: Often characterized by significant portions of undeveloped or agricultural land.
- Limited Public Services: Exurban areas often lack the public transportation and municipal services found in more developed areas.
Importance and Applicability
Exurban areas play a crucial role in urban planning and development, offering an alternative lifestyle that blends rural and suburban characteristics. They provide housing solutions while also impacting transportation planning, environmental policies, and economic development.
Examples
- Westchester County, NY: Many parts of Westchester serve as exurban areas for New York City.
- Loudoun County, VA: An exurban area for the Washington, D.C. metro area with large-lot homes and limited commercial development.
Considerations
- Environmental Impact: The spread of exurban areas can lead to habitat fragmentation and increased greenhouse gas emissions due to longer commutes.
- Infrastructure: Planning for infrastructure in exurban areas can be challenging due to their low-density nature.
Related Terms
- Suburban Area: Areas immediately surrounding urban centers, characterized by residential neighborhoods and commercial zones.
- Urban Sprawl: The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into surrounding rural land.
- Rural Area: Regions characterized by low population density and vast amounts of undeveloped land.
Interesting Facts
- Telecommuting Influence: The rise of telecommuting has made it possible for people to live further from their place of work, promoting exurban growth.
- Wildlife Corridors: Some exurban areas serve as important wildlife corridors, maintaining biodiversity in regions facing urban sprawl.
Inspirational Stories
John Steinbeck once wrote about the allure of rural life in contrast to urban living, highlighting the desire for open space and a slower pace of life, which often draws people to exurban areas.
Famous Quotes
“Home is where one starts from.” - T.S. Eliot
Proverbs and Clichés
- “The best of both worlds”: Often used to describe exurban areas that offer the tranquility of rural life with access to urban amenities.
- “A country mile”: Reflects the perception of greater distances in exurban and rural settings.
Jargon and Slang
- Exurbia: Informal term for exurban regions.
- McMansions: Large, mass-produced homes often found in exurban areas.
FAQs
Q: Are exurban areas considered rural or suburban? A: Exurban areas share characteristics of both but are typically more rural with residential developments.
Q: What are the main drivers for people moving to exurban areas? A: Desire for larger lots, natural surroundings, lower cost of living, and the ability to telecommute.
Q: How does exurban development impact transportation? A: It often leads to increased reliance on personal vehicles and longer commute times.
References
- Books: “The Geography of Nowhere” by James Howard Kunstler
- Articles: “The Rise of Exurban Areas: Drivers and Consequences” by The Urban Institute
- Websites: U.S. Census Bureau – Urban and Rural Classification
Summary
Exurban areas represent a fascinating blend of rural and suburban life, offering residents the opportunity for spacious living and a connection to nature, while also posing unique challenges and considerations for urban planning and infrastructure. They continue to evolve with advancements in technology and changing lifestyle preferences, making them an important aspect of modern geography and urban development.
