The Fair Housing Act is a pivotal United States federal law enacted as part of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (Title VIII). This legislation is designed to eliminate discrimination in housing-related activities, including renting or buying homes, obtaining a mortgage, seeking housing assistance, or engaging in other housing-related activities. It specifically prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status, or national origin.
Historical Context
Enactment and Amendments
The Fair Housing Act was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on April 11, 1968, shortly after the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. It represents a significant milestone in the Civil Rights Movement’s efforts to provide equal housing opportunities to all citizens, irrespective of their backgrounds.
The Act has been amended several times to expand its reach:
- 1974: Inclusion of sex as a protected class.
- 1988: Introduction of protections against discrimination based on disability and familial status, alongside the implementation of more robust enforcement mechanisms.
Key Provisions
Prohibited Practices
Under the Fair Housing Act, it is illegal to:
- Refuse to rent or sell
