Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB): Establishing GAAP

Comprehensive guide to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), its history, role in setting Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), and its comparison with the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

What is the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)?

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is an independent organization responsible for establishing and interpreting Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the United States. Its primary mission is to improve financial reporting by ensuring transparency, consistency, and integrity in accounting practices.

Historical Context

The FASB was formed in 1973 to succeed the Accounting Principles Board (APB), which had been responsible for setting accounting standards since 1959. The APB was dissolved due to criticism over its inefficiency and lack of independence, leading to the creation of a more robust and effective standard-setting body—the FASB.

Role and Function of FASB

Establishing GAAP

The FASB develops standards through a rigorous, inclusive process that involves input from various stakeholders including preparers, auditors, and users of financial statements. These standards collectively form the body of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), which serve as the foundation for financial accounting and reporting.

Interpretative Function

Beyond setting standards, the FASB also provides interpretations and guidance on complex accounting issues to ensure that GAAP is consistently applied. This helps in minimizing discrepancies and enhancing the comparability of financial statements across different entities and industries.

FASB vs. IASB

The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) is another prominent standard-setting body, but it operates on a global scale. The IASB issues International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which are used by many countries around the world. Unlike the FASB, which focuses on U.S. GAAP, the IASB aims to create a unified set of global accounting standards.

FAQs

What is the primary goal of the FASB?

The primary goal of the FASB is to improve the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of financial reporting through the robust development and rigorous application of accounting standards.

How does FASB develop accounting standards?

The FASB employs an open and deliberative process that involves extensive research, public input, and iterative revisions to create well-founded standards.

References

  1. Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). “About the FASB.” FASB Website.
  2. “Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).” Investopedia. Investopedia Article.

Summary

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) plays an essential role in the realms of finance and accounting by setting and interpreting GAAP in the U.S. Since its inception in 1973, it has been instrumental in improving the clarity, consistency, and reliability of financial reporting. By comparing it with the IASB and understanding its historical roots, one can appreciate the critical function that the FASB serves in the global accounting landscape.

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