Protractor: A Tool for Measuring Angles
A comprehensive overview of the protractor, including its history, types, usage, and importance in various fields.
Proven Reserves: High Certainty of Recovery
Proven reserves refer to the subset of recoverable reserves that have been confirmed through extensive data and analysis to have a high certainty of being recovered, often exceeding a 90% confidence level.
Provenance: The History of Ownership of a Collectible Item
Exploring the detailed historical context, types, key events, and importance of provenance in the authenticity and value of collectibles.
Provision: Financial Liability and Asset Diminution Management
A provision is an amount set aside from profits in an organization's accounts for a known liability or diminution in asset value. This article explores the historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, and more about provisions.
Provision for Bad Debts: Managing Uncertain Receivables
An amount calculated to cover the debts during an accounting period that are not expected to be paid. Includes general and specific provisions and their treatment for tax purposes.
Provision for Loan Losses: Anticipating Future Loan Defaults
A detailed explanation of Provision for Loan Losses, a key concept in banking and finance, which involves setting aside an amount in anticipation of future loan defaults.
Provisional Patent Application: A Preliminary Step for Inventors
A provisional patent application allows inventors to establish an early filing date without the need for a formal patent claim, providing a cost-effective and flexible approach to securing innovation.
Provisioning: Preparing and equipping a system to provide services
Provisioning ensures that systems are fully prepared and equipped to deliver services efficiently. It is vital across various fields including IT, finance, and telecommunications.
Provisions: Specific Amounts Set Aside for Probable Future Expenditures
In financial terms, provisions are specific amounts set aside by an organization to cover future liabilities or expenditures that are probable and can be estimated reliably.
Proxies: Stand-in Objects or Representations for Another Entity
Proxies serve as stand-in objects or representations for another entity. Learn about their historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, importance, applicability, and more.
Proximal: Near or close to a point of reference
Proximal refers to something being near or close to a specific point of reference. It is commonly used in various fields such as anatomy, geography, mathematics, and everyday language.
Proximate Cause: Understanding Legal Liability
Proximate cause is the primary cause of an injury in legal terms, significant in determining liability rather than being the closest cause in time.
Proximus: Latin Origin of Proximal
Proximus is a Latin term meaning nearest, from which the English word 'proximal' is derived.
Proxy: A Vital Role in Corporate Governance
An in-depth exploration of proxies in the corporate context, including their roles, types, legal considerations, and historical background.
Proxy (Finance): An Authorization Mechanism in Shareholding
An in-depth exploration of proxies in finance, covering their historical context, types, key events, and importance, as well as examples, related terms, and much more.
Proxy Battle: Corporate Voting Showdown
A comprehensive exploration of proxy battles, where competing shareholder groups seek to gather enough proxy votes to win a crucial corporate vote. This article delves into the historical context, types, key events, strategies, legal aspects, and more.
Proxy Voting: Voting on Behalf of a Shareholder
Proxy voting is a process where shareholders delegate their voting power to representatives, enabling them to vote on corporate matters without being physically present.
Proxy War: Conflict Using Third Parties
A Proxy War is a conflict where third parties are used by more powerful states to achieve their goals. It involves indirect confrontation and intervention.
PRP: Profit-Related Pay
An in-depth exploration of Profit-Related Pay, including its historical context, types, benefits, and drawbacks.
PRT: Petroleum Revenue Tax
An in-depth overview of Petroleum Revenue Tax (PRT), including historical context, types, key events, formulas, importance, applicability, and more.
Prudence Concept: Realistic Financial Reporting
An in-depth exploration of the Prudence Concept in accounting, emphasizing cautious revenue recognition and provision for losses.
Prudent Investor Rule: A Legal Standard for Fiduciary Investments
The Prudent Investor Rule is a legal standard that mandates fiduciaries to invest assets with care, skill, and caution. It guides trustees and other fiduciaries to act in the best interests of the beneficiaries.
Prudential Regulation: Ensuring Financial Stability
Prudential regulation refers to the framework of legal standards and guidelines designed to ensure the financial soundness of institutions, including capital adequacy, risk management, and governance requirements.
Prudential Regulation Authority: Ensuring Financial Stability
The Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) is a part of the Bank of England responsible for prudential regulation of financial firms, maintaining financial stability by regulating and supervising banks, building societies, credit unions, insurers, and major investment firms.
Prudential Regulation Authority: UK Financial System Supervisor
The Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) is an agency under the Bank of England responsible for the prudential supervision and regulation of the UK financial system, promoting safety, soundness, and policyholder protection.
Prudential Supervision: Ensuring Financial Stability
Prudential supervision is the oversight of financial institutions to ensure they are financially sound, maintaining stability in the financial system.
PSBR: Public Sector Borrowing Requirement
Comprehensive explanation of Public Sector Borrowing Requirement (PSBR), including historical context, types, key events, formulas, charts, importance, applicability, examples, related terms, comparisons, facts, quotes, expressions, jargon, FAQs, and references.
PSD2: The European Directive Mandating Open Banking
PSD2 is a European directive aimed at increasing innovation, competition, and security in the payment services industry by mandating Open Banking.
Pseudonym: A Fictitious Name Used by Someone
A comprehensive definition and exploration of pseudonyms, particularly in the context of writers and artists, including types, usage, examples, and historical context.
Pseudonymity: The Art of Concealing Identity
An in-depth exploration of pseudonymity, its historical context, significance, and application across various domains.
Pseudoscience: Claims Lacking Empirical Support
An in-depth look into pseudoscience, its characteristics, historical context, impact, and key differentiators from genuine science.
PSNCR: Public Sector Net Cash Requirement
A detailed overview of Public Sector Net Cash Requirement (PSNCR), its importance, historical context, and applications in economics and finance.
PSR: Profit-Sharing Ratio
Detailed examination of PSR (Profit-Sharing Ratio), its historical context, types, key events, mathematical formulas, applicability, and examples.
PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network
A detailed overview of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), its history, functionality, and modern-day relevance with comparisons to ISDN.
Psychiatry: A Comprehensive Guide to Mental Health
An in-depth exploration of Psychiatry, a branch of medicine focused on diagnosing, treating, and preventing mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders.
Psychological Implication: Understanding Impact on Behavior
An in-depth exploration of the psychological implications, focusing on their influence on individual and group behaviors, particularly within economic and social contexts.
Psychological Momentum: A Psychological State Leading to Enhanced Likelihood of Success
An in-depth exploration of psychological momentum, its definition, components, effects, examples, and applications in various fields such as sports, finance, and personal development.
Psychological Warfare: Use of Propaganda and Psychological Tactics in Military Operations
An in-depth exploration of psychological warfare, its history, types, strategies, and implications in military operations. Learn about key events, famous examples, and the psychological tactics used to influence perceptions and behavior.
Psychometrics: The Science of Psychological Measurement
Psychometrics is the field concerned with the theory and technique of psychological measurement, encompassing the development and application of measurement instruments and the study of their reliability and validity.
Psychopathology: The Study of Mental Disorders and Maladaptive Behaviors
An in-depth exploration of psychopathology, the study of mental disorders and maladaptive behaviors. Covers historical context, types of mental disorders, key events, models, examples, and related terms.
Psychopathy: Understanding a Complex Personality Disorder
Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by persistent antisocial behavior, impaired empathy, and bold, disinhibited traits. This article provides a comprehensive overview of its history, categories, key events, detailed explanations, and related concepts.
Psychotherapy: A Range of Psychological Treatments
Psychotherapy encompasses a range of psychological treatments that involve talking to a therapist to improve mental health and well-being.
PTIN: Preparer Tax Identification Number
The Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN) is an identification number that the IRS requires for all compensated tax return preparers. This number is essential for anyone preparing or assisting in preparing federal tax returns for compensation to comply with IRS regulations.
PTY: Abbreviation for Proprietary Company
A comprehensive article detailing the meaning, history, types, importance, and more about PTY (Proprietary Company) in Australia, the Republic of South Africa, and its use in the USA.
Puberty: The Journey to Sexual Maturity
An in-depth look at the physical, emotional, and social changes during the period of sexual maturation in adolescents.
Public Accounts Commission: Oversight of the National Audit Office
An in-depth exploration of the Public Accounts Commission, the parliamentary body to which the National Audit Office (NAO) reports, including its history, functions, importance, and more.
Public Accounts Committee: Ensuring Accountability in Public Spending
The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) is a crucial parliamentary body tasked with examining government expenditure to ensure transparency, accountability, and value-for-money in public spending.
Public Administration: Implementation of Government Policy
Public Administration is the implementation of government policy and an academic discipline that studies this implementation, examining the interactions between governmental institutions and society.
Public Audit: Ensuring Accountability in Government Finance
An in-depth examination of government accounts by an independent body, aimed at ensuring transparency, accountability, and integrity in public financial management.
Public Benefit Entity: Definition and Significance
A Public Benefit Entity (PBE) is an organization that operates with the primary objective of providing benefits to the public rather than generating profit for owners or shareholders. This entry explores the various aspects of PBEs, including their historical context, types, importance, applicability, and more.
Public Bonds: Financing Public Projects
Public Bonds are debt securities issued by government entities to raise funds for public projects. These bonds are essential for financing infrastructure, education, healthcare, and other public services.
Public Charity vs. Private Foundation: Understanding the Differences
Explore the key distinctions between public charities and private foundations, focusing on their funding sources, operational structures, and compliance requirements.
Public Choice: Analysis of Economic Policy Motivations
Public Choice theory emphasizes the motivations of bureaucrats and politicians in the analysis of economic policy, assuming they are economically rational and self-interested.
Public Comment Period: Stakeholder Feedback Timeframe
The designated timeframe during which stakeholders can provide invaluable feedback on an Exposure Draft, influencing policy, regulations, and other key documents.
Public Company: Shares Publicly Traded
A detailed overview of a Public Company, a type of business organization whose shares are publicly traded.
Public Company: An Overview
A public company, also known as a public limited company, is a business entity that offers its shares to the general public through a stock exchange.
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board: Regulatory Body for Auditors
The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) is a non-profit organization established by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to oversee the audits of public companies to protect investors and ensure the preparation of informative, fair, and independent audit reports.
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB): Oversight of Public Company Audits
The PCAOB is a federal body that oversees the audits of public companies, aiming to protect investor interests and promote informative, accurate, and independent audit reports.
Public Consultation: Engaging Stakeholders for Better Decisions
Public Consultation involves engaging stakeholders through various forms of communication, such as meetings, workshops, and written feedback, to inform and improve decision-making processes.
Public Corporation: Government-Owned and Publicly-Traded Entities
A comprehensive look at public corporations, including government-owned entities and publicly-traded companies, examining their objectives, structures, historical context, importance, and more.
Public Data: Open and Accessible Information
Public Data refers to data that is freely available to everyone, characterized by its accessibility, transparency, and utility for various purposes such as research, governance, and innovation.
Public Debt: Comprehensive Overview and Implications
An extensive examination of public debt, its historical context, categories, key events, models, and its significance in contemporary economics.
Public Defender: Legal Representation for Indigent Defendants
A Public Defender is a lawyer provided by the state to represent defendants who cannot afford private attorneys, ensuring fair legal representation within the criminal justice system.
Public Domain Software: Free to Use and Modify Without Restrictions
Software that is completely free to use and modify without any restrictions or copyright constraints. Public domain software is released into the public domain by its creator, allowing unrestricted use by anyone.
Public Economics: Analysis of Government Policy and Economic Efficiency
A comprehensive overview of public economics, focusing on the study of economic efficiency, distribution, and government economic policy. This article covers historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, models, charts, importance, applicability, examples, related terms, FAQs, and more.
Public Examination: Detailed Insight into Bankruptcy Proceedings
A comprehensive look into public examinations in bankruptcy proceedings, detailing their historical context, key events, importance, applicability, and more.
Public Expenditure: Comprehensive Insight into Government Spending
An extensive guide on public expenditure, encompassing historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, mathematical models, charts, importance, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, famous quotes, and more.
Public Expenditure Survey Committee (PESC): A Historical Overview
A detailed examination of the Public Expenditure Survey Committee (PESC), its historical context, structure, function, and impact on UK government expenditure planning.
Public Finance: Government's Role in the Economy
The study of the role of the government in the economy, particularly focusing on public revenues and expenditures.

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