Peripheral output devices are hardware used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system, such as a computer, to the outside world. Examples of peripheral output devices include monitors, printers, and speakers.
Historical Context
Peripheral output devices have evolved dramatically since the inception of computing. Early computers, such as the ENIAC (1945), utilized simple output methods like blinking lights and printed output on paper.
Types of Peripheral Output Devices
Monitors
Monitors display visual output from a computer. They come in various types including:
- CRT (Cathode Ray Tube): Older technology, bulky and heavy.
- LCD (Liquid Crystal Display): Slim, energy-efficient.
- LED (Light Emitting Diode): Similar to LCD but with better clarity and color.
- OLED (Organic LED): High contrast, superior color accuracy.
Printers
Printers produce hard copies of digital documents. Types include:
- Dot Matrix Printer: Impact printer using a print head to strike an ink-soaked ribbon.
- Inkjet Printer: Sprays ink through tiny nozzles.
- Laser Printer: Uses laser beams to produce high-quality text and graphics.
Speakers
Speakers convert digital audio signals into audible sound. Key variations include:
- Desktop Speakers: Generally small, for personal computers.
- Soundbars: Provide a wide sound stage for TVs and computers.
- Surround Sound Systems: Multi-speaker setups for immersive audio experiences.
Key Events in the Development of Peripheral Output Devices
- 1940s: Introduction of punched cards and paper tape as early output devices.
- 1970s: Development of the dot matrix printer.
- 1980s: Widespread adoption of CRT monitors.
- 1990s: Emergence of inkjet and laser printers.
- 2000s: Growth of LCD monitors and advancement in color printer technologies.
- 2010s: Introduction of OLED and 4K monitors.
Importance and Applicability
Peripheral output devices are essential for:
- Communication: Allowing humans to interact with computers visually and audibly.
- Accessibility: Enabling data to be presented in various formats for different needs.
- Productivity: Facilitating the production of hard and soft copies of documents for professional and personal use.
Examples
- A graphic designer uses a high-resolution monitor to create digital art.
- A teacher prints worksheets for students using a laser printer.
- A gamer enjoys immersive audio with a surround sound speaker system.
Considerations
When choosing peripheral output devices, consider:
- Compatibility: Ensuring the device is compatible with existing systems.
- Resolution and Quality: Higher resolution for detailed work.
- Speed: Faster output devices for efficiency.
- Cost: Balancing between cost and performance.
Related Terms
- Peripheral Input Device: Devices that provide input to the computer (e.g., keyboard, mouse).
- Interface: The means by which interaction with a computer system occurs.
- Driver: Software that allows communication between the operating system and hardware devices.
Comparison
| Type | Input Devices | Output Devices |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Provide data to the computer | Output data from the computer |
| Examples | Keyboard, mouse | Monitor, printer, speaker |
| Interaction | Human to computer | Computer to human |
Interesting Facts
- The first computer monitors were monochrome, displaying only one color on a black background.
- Laser printers were developed based on the technology used in photocopiers.
Inspirational Stories
- Steve Jobs and the Development of GUI: Steve Jobs’ visit to Xerox PARC, where he saw a graphical user interface, inspired the development of the first Macintosh computer, which revolutionized output devices, especially monitors.
Famous Quotes
- “A computer does not substitute for judgment any more than a pencil substitutes for literacy. But writing without a pencil is no particular advantage.” - Robert McNamara
Proverbs and Clichés
- “Seeing is believing:” Emphasizes the importance of visual output.
- “A picture is worth a thousand words:” Highlights the effectiveness of visual data presentation.
Expressions, Jargon, and Slang
- “Screen Real Estate”: The amount of space available on a monitor for display purposes.
- [“Hard Copy”](https://financedictionarypro.com/definitions/h/hard-copy/ ““Hard Copy””): A physical printout of a document.
FAQs
What is the most common output device?
What factors affect the choice of a printer?
References
- Tanenbaum, A. S., & Wetherall, D. J. (2011). Computer Networks.
- Lam, R. (2019). Printing Technology Today: Inkjet, Laser, and Beyond.
Summary
Peripheral output devices are integral to modern computing, providing essential means for displaying, printing, and hearing data. They encompass a broad range of technologies and have evolved significantly over the decades. Understanding their functions, types, and applications helps in choosing the right devices to meet specific needs effectively.
