A Plotter is a specialized computer output device used for vector graphics. Unlike printers that use pixel-based graphics, plotters create images using lines, which makes them suitable for producing engineering drawings, architectural plans, and other detailed graphics.
How Plotters Work
Plotters work by moving one or more pens across the surface of a piece of paper. The pen’s movement is controlled by instructions from the computer, which tells the plotter exactly where to draw lines. This movement can occur both horizontally and vertically, often referred to as the X and Y directions.
Types of Plotters
Drum Plotters
In drum plotters, the paper moves back and forth on a cylindrical drum while the pens move along the strip of the paper. The X direction is managed via the drum, and the Y direction by the pen.
Flatbed Plotters
Flatbed plotters have a stationary flat surface where the paper lies. The pens move in both X and Y directions. This method is suitable for larger paper sizes.
Cutting Plotters
Although similar to standard plotters, cutting plotters use a blade instead of a pen to cut out shapes from materials such as vinyl. These are frequently used in sign-making and garment industries.
Applications
Plotters are particularly valuable in fields that require precise and scalable outputs of graphical data.
Engineering and Architecture
- Engineering drawings
- Architectural blueprints
- CAD (Computer-Aided Design) outputs
Art and Design
- Detailed illustrations
- Large-format posters
- Signage creation
Business and Marketing
- Large diagrams and charts for presentations
- Exhibition and conference materials
Examples in Use
- Engineering: A mechanical engineer uses a plotter to print out detailed schematics of a new machine part.
- Architecture: An architect plots a complex building blueprint on a 24x36 inch sheet of paper.
- Sign Making: A graphic designer uses a cutting plotter to create vinyl stickers for a store’s window display.
Historical Context
The first plotters came into use in the mid-20th century, with earlier versions limited by their mechanical complexity and cost. With advancements in computer technology and control software, plotters became more accessible and versatile, playing a crucial role in the development of computerized design and drafting.
Benefits and Drawbacks
Benefits
- Precision: High accuracy in producing drawings.
- Scalability: Can generate drawings on large formats without losing detail.
- Versatility: Useful for various materials, including paper, vinyl, and mylar.
Drawbacks
- Speed: Generally slower than modern laser or inkjet printers for mass printing.
- Cost: Higher operational costs due to specialty pens and maintenance.
- Niche Use: Limited primarily to design fields.
Related Terms
- Printer: A device used for producing text and graphics, usually on paper.
- Vector Graphics: Images created using mathematical formulas to define lines, points, and curves.
- CAD (Computer-Aided Design): The use of computers to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design.
FAQs
What is the difference between a plotter and a printer?
Can plotters work with any type of computer?
Are plotters still commonly used today?
References
- “The Computer Graphics Manual”: Comprehensive guide on computer graphics and plotters.
- “CAD and Plotter Technologies”: Journal of Design and Drafting, 2022.
- Manufacturer’s manuals from HP and Roland plotters.
Summary
Plotters are an essential technology in the realm of technical drawing and design, offering precision and versatility unmatched by traditional printers. Despite their seemingly niche application, they continue to be integral in fields requiring detailed and scalable graphical outputs.
