Accounting Standards

AAA: American Accounting Association
An overview of the American Accounting Association, including its historical context, key events, importance, and related concepts in accounting and finance.
Accountancy Bodies: Regulatory Organizations for Accountants
Accountancy bodies are organizations established globally to regulate the activities of accountants. Members typically use titles such as chartered accountant, chartered certified accountant, or certified public accountant. These bodies control membership through examinations and enforce compliance with professional regulations.
Accountancy Investigation and Discipline Board (AIDB): The Predecessor of AADB
The Accountancy Investigation and Discipline Board (AIDB) was the predecessor of the Accountancy and Actuarial Discipline Board (AADB). It played a significant role in maintaining and enforcing standards within the UK accounting profession.
Accounting Council: Advisory Body for Accounting and Financial Reporting
The Accounting Council advises the Financial Reporting Council on accounting and financial reporting policies. Established in 2012, it plays a significant role in the development of Financial Reporting Standards.
Accounting Principles Board (APB): Establishment and Impact
The Accounting Principles Board (APB) was a crucial body established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) in 1959 to enhance accounting standards in the USA. It was the forerunner of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).
Accounting Series Release: Financial Reporting Guidance
Detailed exploration of Accounting Series Releases (ASRs), their historical significance, and their evolution into Financial Reporting Releases (FRRs) in the USA.
Accounting Standards: Principles, Guidelines, and Importance
Accounting Standards are a set of principles and guidelines that guide financial reporting to ensure consistency, transparency, and integrity. They are set by authoritative bodies to dictate how financial transactions should be recorded and reported.
Accounting Standards Board: Overview and Historical Context
An in-depth look at the Accounting Standards Board (ASB), its history, functions, key developments, and its eventual transition into the Financial Reporting Council.
Accounting Standards Board (ASB): UK Accounting Standards Development
The UK body responsible for the creation and issuance of accounting standards before its merger into the FRC. The successor to the ASC and predecessor to the Accounting Council.
Accounting Standards Committee: Overview and Historical Impact
An in-depth look at the Accounting Standards Committee, its formation, evolution, and contributions to financial reporting and accounting standards in the UK.
Accounting Standards Committee (ASC): The Predecessor to the ASB
The Accounting Standards Committee (ASC) was an organization that played a crucial role in the development and issuance of accounting standards in the United Kingdom until it was replaced by the Accounting Standards Board (ASB).
Accrued Income: Unrecognized Yet Earned
Accrued Income refers to revenue earned but not yet received by the end of an accounting period, essential to the accrual accounting method.
Acquired Goodwill: Understanding Purchased Goodwill in Finance
An in-depth look at acquired goodwill, its significance in financial reporting, accounting standards governing it, and its differentiation from inherent goodwill.
Adjusting Events: Post-Balance-Sheet Financial Adjustments
Events occurring between a balance-sheet date and the date of financial statement approval that provide additional evidence of conditions existing at the balance-sheet date.
AICPA: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
Comprehensive overview of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), its history, functions, and significance in the field of accounting.
Associate: Understanding Associated Undertakings
An in-depth exploration of associates in accounting, including definitions, historical context, key regulations, examples, and related concepts.
ASU: Accounting Standards Update
An Accounting Standards Update (ASU) is an official update to accounting standards issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to provide clarifications, amendments, and improvements to financial reporting.
Audit: The Process of Checking Accounts
The process of checking accounts to ensure they are complete, consistent, and comply with legal requirements and professional standards.
Audit Completion Checklist: Ensuring Accuracy in Financial Audits
A comprehensive guide to the Audit Completion Checklist used by audit staff to verify that financial statements present a true and fair view according to statutory disclosures and accounting standards.
Audit Fee: The Remuneration for Auditors
The amount payable to an auditor for an audit, distinguished from fees for non-audit work and subject to approval at a company's annual general meeting.
Audit Opinion: Detailed Explanation and Importance
An audit opinion provides an evaluation on whether financial statements are prepared appropriately according to relevant regulations, legislation, and standards, ensuring proper understanding and adequate disclosure.
Auditing vs. Financial Reporting: Understanding the Differences and Importance
An in-depth exploration of the distinctions and interconnections between auditing and financial reporting, highlighting their historical context, key events, methodologies, importance, and practical applications.
Bargain Purchase Option: Short Description
A Bargain Purchase Option refers to a clause in a lease agreement that allows the lessee to purchase the leased asset for a price significantly lower than its fair market value at the end of the lease term.
BIG GAAP: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles for Large Entities
A comprehensive overview of the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) specifically tailored for large entities, including historical context, key events, detailed explanations, comparisons, examples, and more.
Capital Lease: Definition, Criteria, and Implications
An in-depth exploration of capital leases, including definitions, key criteria, financial implications, accounting treatment, and comparisons with operating leases.
Capital Maintenance Concept: Financial and Physical Capital Maintenance
An in-depth look at the financial and physical capital maintenance concepts, their historical context, significance, types, and applications in modern accounting and financial reporting.
Carrying Amount: Understanding the Balance-Sheet Value
An in-depth look at the carrying amount of assets and liabilities on the balance sheet, including historical context, methods of valuation, key events, detailed explanations, and practical examples.
Cash-Flow Statement: Understanding Business Cash Flows
An in-depth exploration of the cash-flow statement, which outlines the inflows and outflows of cash and cash equivalents for a business over a financial period.
Charity Accounts: Detailed Overview of Financial Management in Charitable Organizations
A comprehensive guide to understanding charity accounts, including historical context, types, key events, explanations, models, charts, applicability, examples, considerations, and related terms.
CICA: Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants
An overview of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants, including its history, roles, importance in the accounting profession, and its impact on financial reporting standards in Canada.
Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants: Guiding Principles for Integrity in Accounting
An in-depth exploration of the ethical guidelines that professional accountants must adhere to, as established by the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA).
Committee on Accounting for Smaller Entities: Advocating for Simpler Financial Reporting
The Committee on Accounting for Smaller Entities (CASE) is a specialist committee established by the Accounting Standards Board to advise on the application of accounting standards to smaller entities. This committee played a crucial role in the development of the Financial Reporting Standard for Smaller Entities (FRSSE) introduced in 1999.
Comparability: Ensuring Financial Uniformity
An in-depth exploration of the accounting principle of comparability, its historical context, types, key events, and its importance in financial reporting.
Comprehensive Annual Financial Report: An In-Depth Guide
A Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) is the official annual financial statement for government entities in the USA, providing a detailed look into financial activities and fiscal health.
Consolidated Financial Statements: Comprehensive Overview
An in-depth exploration of consolidated financial statements, covering definitions, historical context, standards, key elements, importance, applicability, and examples in the context of corporate finance and accounting.
Consolidated Income and Expenditure Account: Combining Financial Data
An overview of consolidated income and expenditure accounts, including historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, mathematical models, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms, and more.
Contingent Liability: A Comprehensive Guide
An in-depth guide on contingent liabilities, including definitions, historical context, types, key events, models, charts, applicability, examples, and related terms in financial accounting and reporting.
Contingent Loss: Understanding Potential Economic Setbacks
A comprehensive examination of contingent loss, an economic loss tied to a contingent liability, including its definitions, importance, examples, and key considerations in finance and accounting.
Convergence: Harmonizing International Standards
Convergence refers to the process of harmonizing accounting standards issued by different boards, such as the FASB and IASB, to achieve a universally accepted set of standards. Additionally, it encompasses the alignment of asset prices and indicators in financial markets.
Deemed Cost: Transitioning to a New Accounting Regime
An in-depth exploration of deemed cost, an accounting concept used during transitions to new accounting standards, including its applications, calculations, and implications.
Defective Accounts: Accounts that do not comply with legislation or accounting standards
Detailed explanation of defective accounts, including historical context, legislation, implications, types, and corrective measures. Important for understanding financial accountability and compliance.
Deferred Tax: Adjustments Related to Tax Liabilities or Assets Due to Temporary Differences
Deferred Tax refers to the tax liabilities or assets that arise due to temporary differences between the carrying amount of an asset or liability in the balance sheet and its tax base. It impacts financial statements and requires careful calculation for future tax obligations.
Discontinued Operations: An Overview
A comprehensive guide on discontinued operations, covering its definition, historical context, key events, types, importance, and application in financial reporting.
Dissimilar Activities: Accounting Implications and Practices
An in-depth exploration of the concept of dissimilar activities in accounting, its historical context, and how modern standards approach subsidiary exclusion from consolidated financial statements.
Emerging Issues Task Force: Guiding Accounting Standards
An in-depth look at the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF), its purpose, history, and impact on the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in addressing new accounting issues promptly and effectively.
Equity Accounting: Understanding its Role in Financial Reporting
Equity Accounting, also known as the equity method, is a critical practice in financial reporting that shows a company's share of the undistributed profits and net assets of another company in which it holds equity.
Ethics in Accounting: Standards that Govern the Conduct of Accountants
Ethics in Accounting encompasses the principles and standards that guide the professional conduct of accountants to ensure integrity, transparency, and accountability.
EU Accounting Directive: Financial Reporting Requirements in the EU
The EU Accounting Directive sets out the financial reporting requirements for companies within the EU, ensuring transparency, consistency, and comparability of financial statements.
European System of Accounts (ESA): Framework to Ensure Data Comparability Across Europe
The European System of Accounts (ESA) is a standardized accounting framework designed to ensure the comparability of economic data across European countries. It provides the basis for statistical methods and classifications for economic activities.
Exclusion of Subsidiaries from Consolidation: Understanding the Criteria and Implications
An in-depth look at the conditions under which subsidiaries can be excluded from consolidation under Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland, including historical context, key conditions, examples, and related financial regulations.
Exposure Draft: Preliminary Discussion Document
An Exposure Draft is a draft issued as a discussion document prior to the release of a final document. Specifically, it refers to a draft issued for discussion by the Financial Reporting Council before issuing a Financial Reporting Standard.
Extraordinary Items: Non-Recurring Financial Events
Extraordinary items are costs or income affecting a company's profit and loss account that do not derive from the ordinary activities of the company, are not expected to recur, and, if undisclosed, would distort the normal trend of profits. These items are now treated as exceptional items under current rules.
Fair Value: An Essential Concept in Accounting
Fair Value refers to the amount of money for which it is assumed an asset or liability could be exchanged in an arm's length transaction between informed and willing parties. It plays a crucial role in acquisition accounting, derivatives, and other complex financial instruments.
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board
Comprehensive overview of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and its role in establishing Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board
An in-depth exploration of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), its historical context, importance, key events, and its role in establishing financial accounting standards.
FASB vs. IASB: Differences and Similarities
A detailed comparison between the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), focusing on their roles, standards, and impact on global financial reporting.
Final Audit: Comprehensive Year-End Examination
A detailed and thorough audit conducted after the closure of a financial year to ensure all financial records and statements are accurate and in compliance with accounting standards and regulations.
Financial Accounting Foundation: Guardians of Accounting Standards
The Financial Accounting Foundation (FAF) is the organization responsible for the oversight, administration, and funding of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in the United States. This article explores the historical context, roles, functions, and importance of the FAF.
Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council: Guiding Financial Accounting Standards
The Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council (FASAC) provides critical advice to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) on various financial accounting standards, ensuring transparency and consistency in financial reporting.
Financial Accounting Standards Board: Setting the Standards for Financial Reporting
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is a non-governmental organization in the USA, responsible for establishing generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Established in 1973, FASB plays a crucial role in the regulatory landscape, ensuring transparency and consistency in financial reporting.
Financial Reporting Council (FRC): UK's Independent Regulator
The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) is the United Kingdom's regulatory authority responsible for overseeing accounting standards, corporate governance, auditing, and actuarial professions.
Financial Reporting Exposure Draft: Preliminary Guidelines for Financial Standards
A Financial Reporting Exposure Draft (FRED) is a document issued by the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) for discussion and debate prior to the issuance of a Financial Reporting Standard (FRS). This article covers its historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, models, charts, importance, applicability, examples, and much more.
Financial Reporting Release: Financial Reporting Policies by SEC
A comprehensive overview of Financial Reporting Releases (FRRs) issued by the SEC, covering historical context, types, key events, importance, examples, and related terms.
Financial Reporting Standard: Comprehensive Overview
Detailed examination of Financial Reporting Standards issued by the UK Accounting Standards Board and the Financial Reporting Council, highlighting their history, importance, and application.
Financial Reporting Standard Applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland: Comprehensive Accounting Standard
An in-depth look at FRS 102, the comprehensive accounting standard issued by the Financial Reporting Council in 2013, which brought UK GAAP in line with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs).
Financial Reporting Standard for Smaller Entities (FRSSE): Comprehensive Overview
A detailed look at the Financial Reporting Standard for Smaller Entities (FRSSE), its historical context, significance, and applicability to smaller entities. The evolution, key amendments, and eventual withdrawal of the FRSSE, along with comparisons to other standards.
Financial Reporting Standards: Guidelines for Financial Transactions
Comprehensive overview of financial reporting standards, including their history, types, key events, detailed explanations, importance, applicability, and related terms.
FRED: Financial Reporting Exposure Draft
An in-depth look at Financial Reporting Exposure Drafts (FRED), their significance in financial accounting, and their impact on financial reporting standards.
FRR: Financial Reporting Release
Financial Reporting Release (FRR) refers to directives and interpretations provided by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) related to financial reporting.
FRRP: Financial Reporting Review Panel
Comprehensive coverage of the Financial Reporting Review Panel (FRRP) including its history, role, importance, key functions, and related concepts in the fields of Finance, Accounting, and Corporate Governance.
FRS: Financial Reporting Standard
Financial Reporting Standards (FRS) are designed to guide the preparation of financial statements to ensure transparency, reliability, and consistency.
FRSSE: Financial Reporting Standard for Smaller Entities
An in-depth look at the Financial Reporting Standard for Smaller Entities, its significance, key components, historical development, and practical applications.
Fully Diluted EPS: Comprehensive Overview and Analysis
Fully Diluted Earnings Per Share (EPS) is a financial metric that provides a conservative estimate of a company's earnings per share, considering all possible sources of conversion into common stock, such as convertible securities, options, and warrants.

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