Banking

Cable Transfer: Efficient International Fund Transfers
An in-depth look into the mechanics, types, history, and considerations of Cable Transfers, which enable swift international fund movements using secured wire communications.
CD: Certificate of Deposit and Compact Disc
A comprehensive overview of the term CD, encompassing Certificate of Deposit and Compact Disc with examples, historical context, and unique considerations.
Charge Buyer: One Who Makes Purchases on Credit
A Charge Buyer, also known as a Credit Buyer, is an individual or entity that makes purchases on credit, to be billed at a later date. This method allows buyers to defer payment while obtaining goods or services immediately.
Charge Off: An Insight into Bad Debt
Understanding the concept of charge offs in the context of bad debts, including definitions, implications, examples, and related terms.
Checking Accounts: Bank Deposit Accounts Offering Check-Writing Privileges
Checking Accounts are bank deposit accounts that allow the holder to write checks against the account balance. They are a primary type of demand deposit and part of the M1 money supply, often earning interest under specified conditions.
Clearinghouse: Financial Settlement and Exchange
A clearinghouse is an association or organization that facilitates the exchange of checks, drafts, or other forms of indebtedness among its members, aiming to settle balances with minimal inconvenience and labor.
Community Reinvestment Act: Encouraging Local Lending in Underserved Areas
A comprehensive overview of the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), a federal law designed to encourage lending institutions to serve low- and moderate-income communities and combat redlining.
Compound Amount of One: Understanding Growth through Compound Interest
Comprehensive explanation of the Compound Amount of One and how it represents the growth of $1 with compounded interest. Illustrated with a detailed example and formulae.
Comptroller of the Currency: Federal Official Overseeing National Banks
The Comptroller of the Currency is a federal official appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate, tasked with overseeing national banks including chartering, examining, and supervising financial institutions.
Contract Interest Rate: Fundamental Definition
An in-depth exploration of the contract interest rate, also known as the face interest rate, covering definitions, types, applications, and more.
Contract Rate: The Financial Agreement's Interest
An in-depth exploration of the contract rate, also known as the face interest rate, defining its relevance in financial agreements.
Cosign: Understanding Joint Contractual Obligations
Cosigning involves affixing one's signature alongside the principal signer on a contract, transferring liability and responsibility to both parties.
Cosigner: Definition and Role in Finance
A comprehensive overview of a Cosigner, detailing their role, responsibilities, implications, and differences from a co-mortgagor.
Credit Card: An Indication of Creditworthiness
A comprehensive guide to understanding credit cards, their functionality, types, historical context, and impact on the financial world.
Credit Limit: Maximum Balance Permitted by Credit Card Issuers
An in-depth guide to understanding what a credit limit is, how it is determined, its types, its impact on credit scores, and practical considerations for managing it.
Credit Rationing: Managing Loan Allocation Beyond Market Means
Credit rationing involves the allocation of loans to creditworthy borrowers by methods other than purely market-driven mechanisms, often caused by keeping interest rates below the market equilibrium, resulting in an excess demand for loans.
Debit Memorandum: Notice of a Charge Against an Account
A detailed explanation of a Debit Memorandum, including its definition, types, special considerations, examples, historical context, and more.
Defaulted Interest: An In-Depth Overview
An exhaustive definition of defaulted interest, detailing its implications, historical context, comparisons, and related terms.
Delinquency Rate: Measuring Loan Performance
A detailed description of what Delinquency Rate is, its calculation methods, importance, implications, historical context, and related terms in Finance.
Demand Deposit: Understanding Immediate Access Accounts
Demand Deposit accounts allow immediate access to funds without prior notice to the bank. Withdraw money via checks, cash from ATMs, or online transfers.
Demand Loan: A Flexible Borrowing Option Payable on Request
A demand loan is a type of loan that is payable on request by the creditor rather than on a specific date, offering flexibility to both lenders and borrowers.
Demand Note: Payable Instrument Definition
A detailed definition and explanation of a demand note, its types, special considerations, and historical context.
Deposit In Transit: Understanding Bank Reconciliations
Comprehensive guide to understanding deposits in transit, their importance in bank reconciliations, and their role in accounting.
Direct Deposit: Automated Transfer of Funds
Direct Deposit is an arrangement whereby a dividend or other receipt can be deposited directly to the recipient's checking or savings account, often through electronic means.
Discount Window: Central Banking Short-Term Loans
The Discount Window is a facility of the Federal Reserve where banks can borrow money at the Discount Rate to manage short-term liquidity issues.
Discounted Loan: Financial Instrument below Face Value
A discounted loan is a financial instrument offered or traded for less than its face value. This entry covers its types, applications, and examples.
Draw: Financial and Legal Actions Defined
An in-depth exploration of 'Draw' encompassing its usage in banking, finance, and legal contexts.
Effective Net Worth: Comprehensive Insight
A detailed exploration of Effective Net Worth, including its definition, relevance, calculation, examples, and related terms.
Escrow Account: A Safekeeping Solution for Funds
An in-depth exploration of escrow accounts, their roles in real estate, and applications for holding funds securely until they are needed.
Exact Interest: A Detailed Understanding
An exploration of Exact Interest, its calculation methodology based on a 365-day year, and its distinctions from Ordinary Interest, which operates on a 360-day year.
Excess Reserves: Additional Money Held by Banks
Excess Reserves are funds held by banks that exceed the reserve requirement set by financial authorities, such as the Federal Reserve System (FED).
EXIMBANK: Export-Import Bank Overview
An in-depth look at the Export-Import Bank, its roles, history, operations, and its impact on international trade.
Fed Funds: Understanding Federal Funds and Federal Funds Rate
An in-depth explanation of Federal Funds and the Federal Funds Rate, including definitions, mechanisms, examples, historical context, and related terms.
Federal Funds Rate: Key Determinant of Short-Term Interest Rates
Understanding the Federal Funds Rate: an essential interest rate in the banking system, set daily by the market, crucial for meeting reserve requirements.
Federal Reserve Bank: An Integral Component of the Federal Reserve System
A detailed examination of the Federal Reserve Bank, one of the 12 regional banks that comprise the Federal Reserve System, responsible for overseeing regional commercial and savings banks and providing them with critical resources.
Federal Reserve District: Essential Guide
A comprehensive guide to Federal Reserve Districts, including their structure, roles, and historical context.
Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999: A Transformative Law in Financial Regulation
Also known as the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, this 1999 law repealed sections of the Glass-Steagall Act and the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, facilitating affiliations among banks, securities firms, and insurance companies.
Financial Supermarket: Company Offering a Wide Range of Financial Services
A Financial Supermarket is a company that offers an extensive range of financial services under one roof, such as stock trading, insurance, real estate brokerage, and banking services.
Fiscal Agent: Role and Functions in Financial Management
An in-depth exploration of fiscal agents, their duties including disbursing funds, handling taxes related to bonds, redeeming bonds and coupons, and paying rents.
FLOAT Banking: Checks in Transit and Conditional Credits
An in-depth look at the concept of Float in Banking, Securities, and Insurance, including checks in transit, new issue of securities, and insurance premiums.
Floor Loan: Minimum Amount a Lender is Willing to Advance
A comprehensive overview of Floor Loan, the minimum amount a lender is willing to advance, including definitions, examples, and related terms.
Fully Amortized Loan: Definition and Overview
A detailed exploration of fully amortized loans, their structure, benefits, types, and application in various financial contexts.
Fund: An Amount of Money for Specific or General Purposes
A comprehensive overview of the term 'Fund' including its types, uses, historical context, examples, and related terms.
Guarantee Letter: Definition and significance
A comprehensive guide to understanding Guarantee Letters, their uses, examples, historical context, and relevance in finance and banking.
Hard Cash: Readily Available Money, Historically Coined from Precious Metals
An in-depth look into the term 'Hard Cash,' which historically referred to coins made from precious metals and now generally indicates any readily accessible money, including paper currency and coins.
High Credit: Understanding Maximum Loan and Trade Credit Amounts
High Credit refers to the maximum amount of loans or trade credit recorded for a customer or company, providing a clear indication of their creditworthiness.
Home Loan: SeeMortgage
A home loan allows you to purchase real estate property by borrowing money from a lender, which is secured against the property itself.
Interbank Rate: Interest Rate Between Banks
The Interbank Rate, commonly referred to as LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate), is the rate at which banks lend to one another in the international interbank market.
Interest Income: Earnings from Money Investments
Interest Income refers to the earnings generated from investments or transactions that reflect the time value of money or payment for the use or deferral of money.
Junior Issue: Definition and Explanation
A comprehensive overview of what constitutes a junior issue in finance, including its implications, types, examples, and comparisons with other securities.
Late Charge: A Fee for Delinquent Payments
An in-depth look at late charges, their calculation, implications, and relevance in financial and contractual contexts.
Launder: The Process of Making Illegally Acquired Cash Appear Legal
An in-depth look at money laundering, the practice of making illegally acquired cash appear legitimate, often through foreign bank transactions.
Level-Payment Mortgage: Consistent Monthly Payments for Full Amortization
A level-payment mortgage entails making uniform payments every month or other designated period, covering principal and interest, ensuring full amortization by the end of the loan term.
LIBOR: London Interbank Offered Rate
A comprehensive explanation of LIBOR, including its definition, calculation, historical context, and significance in the global financial system.
Line of Credit: Flexible Financing Arrangement
A Line of Credit is a flexible financing arrangement where a financial institution promises to lend up to a certain amount. The borrower can access funds as needed up to the credit limit and is expected to reduce the debt after reaching the full amount of credit.
Loan Application: Comprehensive Overview
Detailed description of the loan application process including required information, significance, and examples.
Loan Closing: The Final Step in Securing a Loan
Loan Closing refers to the final process where all documents are signed, and funds are transferred, completing the loan agreement.
Loan Package: Comprehensive Documentation for Securing a Loan
A Loan Package is a collection of documents necessary for obtaining loan approval from financial institutions. This entry provides a detailed overview of the components, purposes, and processes involved in a Loan Package.
Lock Box: Definition and Uses in Cash Management and Real Estate
A comprehensive exploration of the term 'Lock Box,' including its application in cash management systems and residential real estate sales. Learn how this system enhances security and efficiency.
Member Bank: Definition and Overview
A comprehensive look at Member Banks within the Federal Reserve System, including their roles, benefits, and requirements.
Money Supply: Definition and Types (M1, M2, M3)
A comprehensive overview of the Money Supply, including M1, M2, and M3, their definitions, types, historical context, and applicability in economics and finance.
Mortgage Commitment: Binding Agreement between Lender and Borrower
A detailed overview of Mortgage Commitment, its types, special considerations, examples, historical context, applicability, comparisons, related terms, and frequently asked questions.
Mortgage Correspondent: A Comprehensive Overview
A detailed exploration of the role and functions of a mortgage correspondent, their responsibilities, historical context, comparison with mortgage bankers and brokers, and additional related terms.
Mortgage Discount: A Detailed Definition and Analysis
Explanation of the mortgage discount, how it is applied, its benefits, and comparisons with related terms such as discount points.
Mutual Savings Bank: An Overview
Comprehensive Coverage of Mutual Savings Banks, including their unique characteristics, historical context, and importance in the financial landscape.
Negotiable Order of Withdrawal (NOW): Definition and Insight
An in-depth look into Negotiable Order of Withdrawal (NOW) accounts, their characteristics, applicability, and related financial terms.
Net Rate: Effective Interest Rate on a Loan
An in-depth understanding of the effective interest rate on a loan which is calculated by dividing the interest by the proceeds received.
Nominal Loan Rate: Understanding the Basics
An in-depth explanation of the nominal loan rate, its significance, and how it compares to other interest rate types.
Nonnegotiable Instrument: Understanding its Definition and Context
A comprehensive guide to understanding nonnegotiable instruments, their types, historical context, and key differences from negotiable instruments.
Nonperforming Asset: An Overview
A Nonperforming Asset (NPA) is an asset that ceases to generate income for its holder. Typically applied in banking, NPAs include commercial loans that are 90 days past due and consumer loans 180 days past due.
NOW Account: Negotiable Order of Withdrawal
An overview of NOW Accounts, their purpose, how they function, their unique features, historical context, and related financial terms.
Obligation Bond: Mortgage Bond with Face Value Greater than Underlying Property Value
An obligation bond is a type of mortgage bond in which the face value is greater than the value of the underlying property, compensating the lender for costs exceeding the mortgage value.
Offset: Definition and Applications
A comprehensive definition and detailed explanation of 'Offset' as used in Accounting, Banking, Printing, and Securities.
On Demand: Payable Upon Request
An 'On Demand' financial instrument allows the holder to request payment at any time. This includes instruments like demand notes, which lack a specified due date.
Open-End Credit: Revolving Lines of Credit
An in-depth exploration of Open-End Credit, commonly known as revolving lines of credit, offered to consumers by financial institutions. Understand its framework, technicalities, applications, examples, and much more.
Ordinary Interest: Simple Interest Based on a 360-Day Year
Comprehensive overview of Ordinary Interest, including definition, differences with exact interest, calculations, and historical context.
Originator: Definitions and Roles in Finance
An in-depth exploration of the term 'Originator,' covering its roles in banking, investment, and mortgage industries.
Participation Loan: Collaborative Lending by Multiple Lenders
A Participation Loan is a financial arrangement where multiple lenders collaborate to provide a single loan, typically coordinated and serviced by a lead bank or lead lender.
Payment in Due Course: Legal Financial Term
A comprehensive definition of Payment in Due Course, detailing its components, definition, examples, and historical context.
Payment Method: Means of Payment Employed by a Customer
An exploration of the various means of payment employed by customers, including cash, check, money order, or credit card, and additional details regarding customer records and claims paid.
Payoff (Amount): Definition and Explanation
A detailed explanation of the payoff amount in loans, including prepayment penalties, types, calculations, and considerations.
Postdated Check: Check Dated in the Future
A postdated check is a check written with a future date, which means it is not negotiable until the date on the check becomes current.
Prepayment Privilege: Borrower's Right to Retire a Loan Before Maturity
The right of a borrower to repay a portion or the entirety of their loan before its scheduled maturity date. This concept is crucial in personal finance, mortgage agreements, and various types of loans.
Prime Rate: Interest Rate Banks Charge to Their Most Creditworthy Customers
The Prime Rate is the interest rate that banks charge to their most creditworthy customers, influenced by market forces affecting a bank's cost of funds and borrower acceptance rates. It typically becomes standard across the banking industry when a major bank adjusts its rate.
Proceeds: Understanding the Financial Term
An in-depth exploration of proceeds, focusing on funds received by borrowers and sellers after deductions.
Qualified Endorsement: Limited Liability Endorsement
A qualified endorsement is a type of endorsement on negotiable instruments designed to limit the endorser's liability.
Real Estate Owned (REO): Foreclosed Property Held by Lenders
Real Estate Owned (REO) properties are those acquired by lenders through foreclosure and held in inventory. Understanding REO properties is crucial in the realms of real estate investment and banking.
Real Estate Owned (REO): Property Owned by Lenders
Understanding Real Estate Owned (REO), property owned by a lender, typically a bank, after an unsuccessful sale at a foreclosure auction.
Rediscount Rate: Rate of Interest Charged to Member Banks by the Federal Reserve System
Detailed explanation of the rediscount rate, the interest rate charged to member banks when they borrow funds from the Federal Reserve System. Exploring its definitions, types, special considerations, historical context, applicability, comparisons, related terms, FAQs, and references.

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