Payment for goods and services made in the form of other goods and services rather than cash or other forms of money.
Per Capita refers to calculation or measurement by each individual, commonly used in contexts like income, taxes, and resource distribution.
Perfect Competition refers to a market condition in which no individual buyer or seller has the power to influence the market price of a good or service, characterized by a large number of participants, homogenous products, equal information, and complete freedom of entry and exit.
A comprehensive coverage of Perfect Monopoly where a single producer dominates the market, thus eliminating competition.
Personal income in national accounts calculations is the income actually received by households, factoring in various deductions and additions.
A comprehensive guide to Potential GDP, exploring its definition, significance, calculation methods, historical context, and applications in economics and policy-making.
Precautionary Motive refers to actions taken to prevent adverse outcomes. This term is often used within various fields such as economics, finance, and everyday life to describe actions motivated by the desire to mitigate risks.
A Preferred-Provider Organization (PPO) is a healthcare arrangement where patients receive reduced rates for medical services provided by a network of designated healthcare providers.
Price elasticity measures how the quantity demanded of a good responds to changes in its price. Learn about its types, importance in economics, and real-world applications.
Understanding Price Flexibility: Analyzing the Economic Circumstance Where Prices Vary Considerably
An in-depth exploration of government policies designed to stabilize prices during periods of rapid inflation or shortages.
Examine the concept of price-fixing, an illegal practice under federal antitrust laws intended to manipulate the prices of commodities in interstate commerce.
Comprehensive exploration of the term 'pricey,' including its usage in general contexts and specific applications in investment and finance.
An in-depth exploration of proceeds, focusing on funds received by borrowers and sellers after deductions.
A comprehensive overview of producer cooperatives, where producers collaborate in buying supplies, equipment, and marketing efforts to achieve mutual benefits and efficiency, including historical context, types, examples, and applicability.
A detailed exploration of the production function, a mathematical formula that describes how different inputs combine to produce a certain output, applicable to firms or industries. Coverage includes types, historical context, applications, special considerations, and comparisons with related terms.
An in-depth exploration of Profit Margin, its significance, types, calculation, examples, and application in business and finance.
Comprehensive overview of the Profit Motive, its significance in business, tax implications, historical context, and related concepts.
Proportional Taxation refers to a tax system where the tax rate remains consistent regardless of the taxpayer's income level. Unlike progressive or regressive taxation systems, proportional taxes ensure that all taxpayers are taxed at the same rate.
A comprehensive overview of protectionism, its policies, implications, and historical context in economics.
Public goods are products or services that are non-excludable and non-rivalrous, typically managed by the government for optimal utilization.
A detailed explanation of purchase acquisition in contrast to exchange, gift, or inheritance, highlighting its significance in establishing the original cost basis.
An in-depth exploration of Purchase Capital—its importance, components, and applications in business and investments.
An in-depth exploration of Pure Competition, a market structure characterized by many producers and consumers of a homogeneous product where no single participant can influence the market.
Quantity supplied refers to the amount of a good or service that producers are willing and able to bring to market at a specific price. The schedule of quantities supplied at each market price defines the aggregate supply curve in economics.
A comprehensive look at the term 'Rate,' including definitions, types, examples, and historical context.
The Rate of Inflation measures the percentage change in the price level of goods and services over a specific period, often used to assess the economic health of a country.
An in-depth exploration of Rate Setting, its mechanisms, importance, and the role of public service utility commissions in the establishment of utility rates.
An in-depth explanation of Rational Expectations in Economics, its implications, and comparisons with related terms.
Rationing involves limiting the purchase or usage of an item when its demand exceeds the available supply at a specific price. This technique has been historically employed during crises, such as World War II, to conserve essential resources.
A detailed explanation of raw materials as a fundamental component used in the manufacturing process of finished goods, including types, examples, historical context, and relevance in various industries.
A comprehensive explanation of the real value of money, which reflects the actual purchasing power of money as corrected for inflation over time.
An in-depth exploration of reciprocal buying, a common practice in which a seller purchases goods or services from one of their customers.
A comprehensive examination of reciprocity, encompassing its various forms and applications in interpersonal, corporate, and international relationships.
Comprehensive definition and exploration of the terms 'recoup' and 'recoupment,' focusing on the concept of regaining what was lost.
A comprehensive guide to the process by which taxpayers receive a return of cost through distributions or payments with respect to property, typically as part of corporate liquidation.
An in-depth look at industries significantly regulated by government, including examples, types of regulations, and historical context.
Definition, types, examples, historical context, applicability, and related terms of the concept 'REMIT' in financial contexts.
Remonetization is the process of reinstating a commodity or other means of exchange as an acceptable currency. This often involves restoring the backing of a currency by gold or other precious metals.
A comprehensive guide to understanding Rental Rates, including periodic charges, units of measurement, examples, historical context, and the significance in real estate and economics.
Exploring the concept of 'Reserve Army of the Unemployed' in Marxist theory, which refers to the proletariat population whose unemployment helps maintain minimal wage levels.
A retail outlet is a manufacturer-owned store selling merchandise and/or services directly to the public in unlimited quantities. This article provides a comprehensive understanding of retail outlets, their types, functions, historical context, and more.
An in-depth look at the concept of retirement, detailing its significance, historical context, types, and implications across various domains, including economics, finance, and social sciences.
A comprehensive guide to understanding retirement systems, their types, historical context, and significance in financial planning.
Revaluation is an increase in a currency's value based on a political decision rather than market fluctuations.
Revenue refers to the gross amount received by an entity from its business activities, such as sales, taxes, or services performed.
A detailed explanation of average revenue, including its definition, calculation, examples, historical context, and applicability in economics and business.
Total Revenue refers to the complete amount of income generated by a firm from the sale of goods and services at various output levels, representing an essential metric in assessing the financial performance of a business.
Exploring the financial concept of Risk vs. Reward, comparing potential fluctuations with benefits to assess the worthiness of an investment.
Understanding the Risk-Return Trade-Off in investment management, where potential returns rise with an increase in risk.
A detailed explanation of 'Run' in the contexts of banking and computing, including the historical implications, causes, and effects.
The S&P/Case-Shiller Index is a comprehensive measurement of U.S. residential real estate prices, tracking changes in the value of residential real estate.
Comprehensive look into Sales Price, its calculations, considerations, and significance in various domains such as Real Estate, Retail, and Economics.
Saturation is the condition of a market where the supply of a product or service exceeds the demand.
Comprehensive coverage of the concept of scale in Economics, Labor, and Modeling, including definitions, examples, and applications.
A comprehensive explanation of scarcity and scarcity value in economics, their impact on commodity pricing, and related concepts.
The Law of Scarcity is a foundational concept in economics that refers to the limited nature of resources in contrast to the unlimited desires of individuals and societies. It explains how resources are allocated and the basis of market value in a market economy.
An in-depth look at the Self-Employment Contributions Act, its implications, historical context, applicability, and related concepts.
Understanding SHAKEOUT: A phenomenon in market conditions that eliminates weaker or marginally financed participants in an industry or securities market.
In economics, the short run is a period of time during which existing firms can increase production in response to changing economic conditions, but cannot increase their capacity or allow new firms to enter the industry.
A comprehensive guide to understanding shortfalls in revenue and budget, including causes, examples, and implications.
An in-depth analysis of the Shutdown Point, the output price level at which a firm's revenues barely offset the firm's fixed costs and revenue.
An overview of sin tax, a type of repressive tax, including its purpose, applications, and effects on society and the economy.
A comprehensive guide to small businesses, their roles in innovation, economic impact and growth, with an emphasis on their characteristics, definitions, and significance.
An exploration of Social Overhead Capital, investments in areas such as education and health care, whose productivity or effectiveness cannot be directly measured.
Detailed explanation of speculation in financial markets, including types, examples, comparisons with gambling and investment, and historical context.
The spot rate is the price at which a currency can be purchased or sold for immediate delivery, typically within two business days.
Detailed explanation of stabilization in currency, economics, and securities. Understand the methods and practices employed to achieve economic and market stability.
An overview of the concept of stake, highlighting its origin, definition, types, and applications in modern contexts.
The sum total of amenities, quality, and quantity of goods and services consumed by consuming units within an economy, reflecting overall well-being and economic prosperity.
Explanation of Staple Stock, goods that maintain a fairly constant demand over years with minimal seasonality, and are continually carried by retailers.
Straight Debt refers to a debt instrument with a fixed repayment schedule, fixed interest rate, and no convertibility features.
Examining the 'Street Price': average or usual price charged for a product, particularly in markets where the Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price is rarely applied.
Subscription refers to an agreement to buy newly issued securities or to contribute money for a specific purpose.
Substitutes are goods or services that can replace each other in consumption, catering to similar needs or wants of the consumer.
Comprehensive look at 'Substitution' in Banking, Contract Law, Economics, Law, and Securities.
An in-depth exploration of the Substitution Law, explaining its economic implications, examples, and role in consumer behavior and market dynamics.
A detailed exploration of sunset industries, their characteristics, examples, historical context, and impact on the economy.
A comprehensive guide to understanding 'Supply,' covering its definitions, types, applicability, historical context, and more.
Supply Price refers to the price, according to a supply schedule or supply curve, that is necessary to get producers to produce a specific quantity of a good or service. This concept is fundamental to understanding market dynamics and producer behavior.
Comprehensive guide on Tare Weight, explaining its definition, importance in various industries, methods of measurement, historical context, and related terms.
An in-depth exploration of taxes, including their types, historical context, applicability, and the impact on societal infrastructure and governance.
An in-depth exploration of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, detailing its implications, impacts, and historical significance.
The concept that money available now is worth more than the same amount in the future due to its potential earning capacity. Integral to financial computations involving imputed interest and original issue discount.
A comprehensive analysis of Total Cost, including definitions, formulas, types, considerations, and examples in various economic contexts.
A detailed exploration of trade agreements, including their functions, history, types, and impact on global trade.
A detailed explanation of Trade Balance, which is synonymous with Balance of Trade, covering its importance, calculation, types, and relevance in economics and international trade.
An in-depth exploration of trade or business, a regular and continuous activity undertaken for profit, distinct from investor trading in securities.
A trade-off involves making a compromise between two desirable but incompatible features, giving up one benefit in favor of another.
A detailed examination of the term 'Trader' with insights into its general and investment-specific meanings, historical context, types, and related terms.
Detailed definition and explanation of Transaction, including types, examples, historical context, applicability, and related terms.
Trigger price is the price of an imported commodity that is well below that charged in the country of origin, prompting swift trade restrictions.
An in-depth exploration of the Twin Plants (Maquiladora) system, highlighting its historical context, operational mechanics, and economic implications.
Understanding the term 'unemployable,' which refers to individuals who are not employable due to a lack of skills, education, and experience, and tend to be chronically unemployed.
Uninsurable Risk refers to a type of risk deemed so significant or complex to estimate that insurance companies cannot or will not provide coverage for it. This comprehensive entry delves into the definition, implications, examples, and historical context of Uninsurable Risk.
A comprehensive exploration of unintended investments, focusing on how companies handle excess inventory when sales are below expectations.
Upgraders, also known as 'move-up' buyers, are individuals seeking to purchase a more desirable home, typically one that is larger, better located, or has enhanced amenities.
An in-depth exploration of total utility, the sum of benefits derived from consuming goods or services. This entry covers definitions, applications, historical contexts, and examples.
A comprehensive overview of valleys in the geographical context and economic troughs, examining their characteristics, significance, and examples.
Valuation is the process of determining the estimated worth or price of an asset or entity, often using various methodologies and approaches.
