IRS

Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN): Unique Identifier for Tax Preparers
The Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN) is a unique identifier required for all tax preparers to include on their tax returns. This number is issued by the IRS to ensure each preparer is registered and authorized to submit tax documentation.
Private Letter Rulings: IRS Guidance on Specific Transactions
Private Letter Rulings (PLRs) are written decisions issued by the IRS in response to specific taxpayer requests, providing clarity on how certain transactions will be treated for tax purposes.
Private Letter Rulings (PLR): An In-Depth Guide
Private Letter Rulings (PLR) are issued by the IRS in response to specific inquiries by taxpayers, providing guidance on tax laws as applied to individual situations. These rulings are neither published nor precedential.
PTIN: Preparer Tax Identification Number
The Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN) is an identification number that the IRS requires for all compensated tax return preparers. This number is essential for anyone preparing or assisting in preparing federal tax returns for compensation to comply with IRS regulations.
Qualified Appraiser: A Professional Meeting Specific IRS Qualifications for Conducting Appraisals
A qualified appraiser is a professional who meets specific IRS (Internal Revenue Service) qualifications for conducting appraisals. They play a crucial role in ensuring the accuracy and reliability of appraisals for tax-related purposes.
Qualified Dependent: IRS's Criteria for a Dependent
An in-depth exploration of the IRS's criteria for determining a Qualified Dependent, including age, relationship, residency, and financial support requirements.
Qualifying Child: Understanding IRS Criteria
A Qualifying Child is a dependent meeting specific IRS criteria related to age, residency, and relationship. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the qualifications, examples, and implications.
Quarterly Taxes: Periodic Nature of Estimated Taxes
A comprehensive guide to understanding quarterly taxes, including their historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, formulas, charts, importance, applicability, examples, and more.
Reasonable Needs: Definition and Context
A detailed exploration of the concept of Reasonable Needs, particularly in the context of IRS examples and case laws defining legitimate business needs.
Refund Claim: Request Filed with the IRS for Return of Overpaid Taxes
A detailed overview of refund claims, explaining the process, definitions, types, examples, and other related considerations in seeking the return of overpaid taxes from the IRS.
Revenue Agent: Definition and Role
An in-depth look at what a Revenue Agent is, their responsibilities, qualifications, and impact on tax audits conducted by the IRS.
Revenue Procedures: IRS Procedural Policy Guidelines
Revenue Procedures establish IRS procedural policy and administrative practices, distinct from Revenue Rulings that interpret law.
Revenue Rulings: Interpretations of Tax Laws by the IRS
Revenue Rulings are official interpretations of tax laws by the IRS, providing guidance on how laws are applied in specific situations. They are binding on the IRS but not on the courts.
Schedule A: Understanding Itemized Deductions on Form 1040
An in-depth look at Schedule A, part of Form 1040, used for listing itemized deductions including mortgage interest, medical expenses, and charitable contributions.
Schedule C (Form 1040): Reporting Income or Loss from a Sole Proprietorship
Schedule C (Form 1040) is a tax form used by sole proprietors to report their income or loss. It is essential for determining taxable income and understanding financial health.
Schedule H (Form 1040): Household Employment Taxes Reporting
Schedule H (Form 1040) is a form used by household employers to report household employment taxes, including Social Security, Medicare, FUTA, and federal income taxes.
Short Period: Another term for a tax year shorter than 12 months
A detailed exploration of the concept of 'Short Period,' typically referring to a tax year shorter than 12 months, its implications, uses, and relevance in various domains.
Single: Definition and Tax Implications
Understanding the 'Single' status, its implications, and differences from 'Married Filing Separately' in tax contexts.
Standard Mileage Rate: Simplified Vehicle Expense Deduction
The Standard Mileage Rate is a simplified method for calculating vehicle expense deductions based on a fixed rate per mile driven for business purposes, established annually by the IRS.
Tax Accountant: Expert in Tax Return Preparation
A comprehensive guide to understanding the role of a Tax Accountant, including historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, FAQs, references, and a final summary.
Tax Assessment: The Determination of Tax Liability
Comprehensive coverage of tax assessment, its methods, historical context, key events, formulas, and practical implications for individuals and businesses.
Tax Code (Internal Revenue Code): Comprehensive Set of Tax Laws
An elaborate overview of the Tax Code, officially known as the Internal Revenue Code, which outlines tax laws and rules enforced by the IRS in the United States.
Tax Filing Deadline: Essential Date for Taxpayers
The Tax Filing Deadline marks the final day by which individuals and entities must file their tax returns, a critical event in personal and corporate financial planning.
Tax Gap: Understanding the Discrepancy Between Owed and Collected Taxes
A comprehensive exploration of the tax gap, including its definition, causes, types, importance, examples, related terms, and how various countries measure and address it.
Tax Statement: Detailed Overview
A comprehensive exploration of Tax Statements, encompassing any document detailing income and tax information.
Tax-exempt Status: Condition of Being Free from Federal Income Tax
An in-depth exploration of tax-exempt status, a classification often designated to non-profit organizations to be free from paying federal income tax.
Technical Advice Memoranda: In-Depth Understanding
Comprehensive overview of Technical Advice Memoranda (TAM), their historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, significance, applications, examples, considerations, related terms, and much more.
TIN (Taxpayer Identification Number): Essential for Tax Reporting
A comprehensive overview of the Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN), its types, uses, and importance in tax reporting in the United States.
Treasury Regulations: Official Interpretations of the IRC
Treasury Regulations are the official interpretations of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC), providing guidance and clarifications on tax laws and compliance requirements.
U.S. Tax Court: A Federal Court for Tax Disputes
The U.S. Tax Court is a federal court that adjudicates cases where taxpayers contest IRS deficiency determinations, ensuring fair tax administration.
Underpayment: Paying Less Than the Required Tax Amount
Underpayment occurs when an individual or entity pays less than the required amount of tax, potentially resulting in penalties.
Underpayment Penalty: A Fine Imposed for Insufficient Tax Payments
An in-depth examination of the underpayment penalty, a fine imposed for not paying enough tax through withholding and estimated tax payments.
Unrelated Business Income Tax (UBIT): Comprehensive Overview
Understanding Unrelated Business Income Tax (UBIT), its historical context, categories, key events, detailed explanations, mathematical formulas/models, charts and diagrams, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, related terms with definitions, comparisons, interesting facts, and more.
Unrelated Business Income Tax (UBIT): Tax on Business Income
Unrelated Business Income Tax (UBIT) refers to the tax levied on income generated from activities unrelated to the exempt purposes of tax-exempt organizations.
W-2: Form for Reporting Wages and Salaries
Form W-2, formally known as the Wage and Tax Statement, is a detailed form used by employees to report wages and salaries to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Unlike independent contractors, who use 1099 forms, employees receive W-2 forms from their employers.
30-Day Letter: IRS Formal Notice
A 30-Day Letter is a formal notice from the IRS giving the taxpayer 30 days to appeal the proposed finding of the Revenue Agent.
90-Day Letter: Formal Notice After an Audit
A comprehensive overview of a 90-Day Letter issued by the IRS after an audit indicating a proposed tax deficiency and the steps a taxpayer must take to contest it.
Annual Gift Tax Exclusion: Understanding the Exemption
Annual Gift Tax Exclusion allows donors to exclude a specified amount of their gifts from gift taxes each year. The exclusion amount has been $13,000 per donee for the years 2010 and 2011 and increases periodically to account for inflation.
Apportion, Apportionment: Definition and Applications
A detailed overview of apportionment, from property expenses allocation to federal and state tax considerations, including examples and special considerations.
Audit: Inspection of Accounting Records and Procedures
A comprehensive overview of auditing practices, types of audits, historical context, and their essential role in financial accuracy and organizational integrity.
AUTOGEN: Automated Generation of Federal Tax Deposit Coupon
The AUTOGEN (Automated Generation of Federal Tax Deposit Coupon) form is a document mailed by the IRS to a taxpayer to accompany the employment tax deposit at any Federal Reserve Bank.
Automatic Extension: Granting More Time for a Taxpayer to File a Tax Return
An automatic extension allows a taxpayer more time to file a tax return by filing the appropriate form with the IRS by the original due date, although tax payments based on the taxpayer's best estimate remain due on the original date.
Business or Professional Activity Code: Classification for IRS Administrative Purposes
Six-digit code numbers for principal business activities, utilized to classify enterprises by type of activity for IRS administrative purposes. Similar in format to the North American Industry Classification System codes.
Change in Accounting Method: Definition and Explanation
A detailed overview of what comprises a change in accounting method, including regulatory requirements, examples, and FAQs.
Claim for Refund: Taxpayer's Request to IRS
A comprehensive guide to the Claim for Refund process, criteria, and special considerations for taxpayers seeking refunds from the Internal Revenue Service.
Closing Agreement: Definitive Resolution of Tax Liabilities
A comprehensive overview of Closing Agreements, written agreements between taxpayers and the IRS that conclusively settle tax liabilities or specific issues affecting tax liabilities.
Correspondence Audit: Examination of a Tax Return
A correspondence audit is an examination of a tax return conducted largely by telephone or mail, usually involving substantiation or explanation of only a few items.
Dependency Exemption: Tax Reduction for Qualifying Dependents
A comprehensive guide to Dependency Exemption, detailing its definition, types, importance, and relation to dependents for tax purposes.
Dependent: Understanding the Concept and Criteria
A comprehensive guide to understanding what constitutes a dependent for tax purposes, including qualifications and exemptions as defined by the Internal Revenue Code.
Discriminant Function System: IRS Technique for Selecting Tax Returns for Examination
The Discriminant Function System (DIF) is a sophisticated IRS technique utilizing mathematical formulas to identify and prioritize tax returns for examination based on their potential for tax error.
District Court: Venue for Tax Litigation and Recovery
Understanding the District Court's role in hearing civil actions against the United States regarding the recovery of taxes allegedly assessed or collected erroneously by the IRS.
Dividends-Received Deduction: Understanding Corporate Tax Benefits
A comprehensive explanation of the Dividends-Received Deduction, a tax deduction allowed to a corporation owning shares in another corporation for the dividends it receives.
Divorced Taxpayer: Comprehensive Insight
A detailed exploration of the concept of a divorced taxpayer, including definition, types, tax implications, historical context, examples, FAQs, and related terms.
Document Locator Number: Unique Identifier for Tax Documents
A Document Locator Number (DLN) is a unique identification number stamped on tax returns, checks, and various documents that enables the IRS to efficiently locate and process specific documents.
Electronic Filing: Efficient Tax Return Submission
A system whereby tax returns are transmitted electronically to the IRS by a transmitter, and tapes are created in the receiving station and loaded into the EFS computer system. Especially suitable for taxpayers expecting a tax refund.
Electronic Return Originator (ERO): Comprehensive Overview
An in-depth look at Electronic Return Originators (EROs), their roles, responsibilities, and significance in the electronic tax filing process.
Electronic Return Originator (ERO): A Preparer or Collector Who Files Tax Returns Electronically
An Electronic Return Originator (ERO) is a tax professional authorized to prepare and file tax returns electronically. This role is critical in the tax filing process, ensuring accuracy, efficiency, and compliance with IRS regulations.
Electronic Transmitter Identification Number (ETIN): Unique Identifier for Tax Return Providers
An in-depth look into the Electronic Transmitter Identification Number (ETIN), a unique identifier assigned by the IRS to providers of electronically filed tax returns. Understand its significance, application process, and related compliance requirements.
Employer Identification Number (EIN): Taxpayer Identification Number for Entities
Detailed information on Employer Identification Number (EIN), a Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) for entities other than individuals, such as partnerships, corporations, estates, and trusts.
Enrolled Agent: Expert Representation Before the IRS
An Enrolled Agent (EA) is a tax professional who can represent taxpayers before the IRS. EAs must pass a rigorous examination or possess significant IRS service experience.
Entertainment Expenses and Business Meals: Tax Deduction Criteria
An in-depth analysis of the deductibility of entertainment expenses and business meals under current tax law, including conditions, limitations, examples, and frequently asked questions.
Estimated Tax: A Comprehensive Guide
A detailed overview of estimated tax, including its significance, computation, requirements, exceptions, historical context, and related terms.
Executive Pay Over One Million Dollars Tax Law: US Tax Legislation Overview
A comprehensive overview of the 1993 US tax law that limits the deductible executive compensation by publicly held corporations to $1 million per year, with exceptions for productivity-linked compensation.
Failure-to-File Penalty: Tax Return Penalty for Late Filing
A comprehensive guide on the Failure-to-File Penalty assessed on a tax return not filed by the due date, including an overview of rates, exceptions, and related penalties.
Federal Tax Lien: The Government's Legal Claim On Your Property
A Federal Tax Lien is a legal claim by the United States on a taxpayer's property when the taxpayer neglects or fails to pay a tax debt owed to the federal government.
Filing Status: Tax Return Classification
Filing status for tax purposes determines which tax return form is used, based on an individual's marital status and household situation.
Form 1040, 1040A, and 1040EZ: U.S. Individual Income Tax Returns
Detailed definitions and guidelines for Form 1040, 1040A, and 1040EZ, the individual U.S. income tax returns required to report income, deductions, and credits for the previous year.
Form 1065: U.S. Tax Form for Partnerships and Joint Ventures
Form 1065 is utilized by partnerships and joint ventures in the United States to report financial information to the IRS. This article explores the purpose, components, filing process, and important considerations associated with Form 1065.
Form 1099: U.S. Tax Reporting Form
A comprehensive guide on Form 1099, its usage, types, and reporting requirements for interest, dividends, royalties, capital gains, miscellaneous income, and other distributions.
FORM 1120: U.S. Corporate Income Tax Return
Detailed overview of FORM 1120, the U.S. Corporate Income Tax Return required to be filed by most domestic corporations.
Frivolous Position: A Not-So-Serious Tax Strategy
A detailed exploration of the concept of a frivolous position in taxation, its implications, penalties, and the legal framework governing such positions.

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