Advocacy is the process by which individuals or organizations attempt to influence public policy, regulatory practices, and social dynamics to promote and protect the interests and rights of specific groups or causes.
A comprehensive overview of the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), a U.S. federal welfare program established in 1935 and replaced by the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program in 1996.
The Behavioural Insights Team, also known as the 'Nudge Unit', is a social purpose company formerly part of the UK government. This team utilizes behavioural sciences to design cost-effective public policies aimed at inducing desirable behavioural responses and facilitating better individual choices.
An in-depth examination of government provision of goods and services as a means of supporting citizens, comparing it with monetary assistance.
An in-depth exploration of the benefits system that provides income and services to maintain welfare standards for a country's residents.
An in-depth look at the Big Society agenda of the UK Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government launched in 2010 aimed at local governance empowerment, public service innovation, and community involvement.
Business Advocacy involves activities aimed at influencing public policy and resource allocation decisions within political, economic, and social systems.
A comprehensive guide to understanding Business Improvement Districts (BID), their historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, and much more.
Definition and Understanding of Common Goods, typically rivalrous but non-excludable resources such as fisheries.
An in-depth examination of the Community Charge, or Poll Tax, including its history, purpose, implementation, and impact.
CDBG provides communities with resources to address a wide range of community development needs, supporting economic development, housing improvements, and infrastructure enhancement.
An in-depth look at Community Development Block Grants (CDBG), federal grants provided to local governments to support community development projects. Learn about their purpose, history, and impact.
An earmark refers to designated funds within legislation that direct how money should be spent on specific projects, often benefiting particular areas or groups.
A thorough exploration of economic benefits, encompassing historical context, categories, key events, models, examples, and more.
Economic Planning involves the systematic allocation of a nation's resources to achieve specific economic and social objectives. It includes both direct and indirect controls over economic variables.
An in-depth look at the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, a cornerstone of President Johnson's 'Great Society,' focusing on the improvement of K-12 education.
An in-depth exploration of entitlement programs in the US, their history, categories, importance, and implications.
Entitlements are benefits to which recipients have a legal right, forming part of mandatory government expenditure. This contrasts with discretionary benefits that the donor is empowered, but not compelled, to pay.
Environmental advocacy involves concerted efforts to influence public policy and practices to achieve greater environmental protection and promote sustainability. Activities range from grassroots movements to policy lobbying, aimed at ensuring a more eco-friendly future.
An in-depth exploration of Environmental Impact Statements (EIS), their purpose, components, process, and importance in environmental protection.
Executive Power involves the authority and responsibility to enforce laws and manage public policy, often held by presidents or prime ministers.
Externalities represent costs or benefits to an economic agent that are not matched by financial compensation. This concept encompasses a range of positive and negative impacts in both individual and business contexts, necessitating intervention by governments to address diseconomies.
Federal Assistance encompasses various forms of federal support, including grants-in-aid, designed to assist individuals and organizations in achieving specific objectives.
A detailed exploration of federal subsidies, including their definition, types, examples, historical context, and importance.
Fiscal responsibility entails managing government funds prudently to avoid excessive debt and ensure the efficient use of resources.
A comprehensive examination of the flat tax system, its advantages and disadvantages, historical context, and applicability.
A comprehensive overview of urban areas where residents struggle to find affordable and nutritious food options.
The Government Accountability Office (GAO) is an independent, non-partisan agency that ensures funds voted by Congress are spent according to law.
Government failure occurs when government intervention aimed at correcting market failures leads to less efficient or detrimental outcomes. This comprehensive guide explores its historical context, types, key events, and implications.
A comprehensive exploration of Government Loan Schemes, including their historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, mathematical models, and practical applications.
Detailed explanation of Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs), their roles, types, historical context, and impact on credit markets.
An in-depth exploration of grassroots lobbying, including its historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, significance, and examples.
An in-depth look into the Grocery Gap, its historical context, types, key events, explanations, models, and significance.
The Health and Social Care Levy is an additional charge implemented to fund health and social care services, encompassing its historical context, types, key events, formulas, importance, applicability, and related terms.
Illegal subjects refer to topics or matters that cannot be negotiated within agreements, typically because they violate labor laws, individual rights, or public policy.
An Implicit Government Guarantee refers to the presumed support the government will provide to Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs) during times of financial distress, even though there is no explicit, legally binding guarantee.
Redistribution that takes the form of the gift of goods or services rather than cash, aimed at ensuring the recipient consumes the intended goods and services. Examples include food vouchers, public housing, and education services.
An in-depth exploration of income maintenance programmes aimed at raising the welfare levels of low-income families through direct cash handouts, tax credits, or in-kind benefits like food vouchers and subsidized health care.
An in-depth exploration of income redistribution, its mechanisms, and impacts on society. Learn about taxation, government spending, and controls used to alter income distribution, and the delicate balance needed to maintain incentives for work, savings, and enterprise.
Exploring the intricate interactions between different levels of government, including historical context, types, key events, and their importance in public administration.
A comprehensive exploration of the concept of internalizing externalities, focusing on how external costs are incorporated into market activities through various mechanisms such as taxes or regulations.
A comprehensive policy proposal where the government guarantees employment for everyone who wants to work.
An in-depth look at Land Value Tax (LVT), its historical context, categories, key events, explanations, and applicability.
An in-depth exploration of local governments, their historical context, structures, functions, and significance.
An in-depth look at local government units, their historical context, types, key functions, and importance in governance.
An in-depth analysis of mandatory spending programmes which are legally mandated components of government spending, contrasted with discretionary spending. It explores the historical context, types, key events, mathematical models, importance, applicability, examples, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, and more.
An in-depth look into means-tested benefits, which are provided based on the recipient’s financial situation, including historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, and more.
Medicaid Expansion is a provision under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) that allows U.S. states to increase Medicaid eligibility to encompass more low-income individuals, thereby expanding access to healthcare.
An in-depth exploration of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), their historical context, importance, and impact on environmental policy.
The Nudge Unit, also known as the Behavioural Insights Team, uses principles of behavioural science to improve public policy and services.
The Office for National Statistics (ONS) is the UK government agency responsible for the collection, analysis, and publication of UK economic statistics. Formed in 1996, the ONS plays a critical role in informing government policy and public understanding through accurate and comprehensive data.
An in-depth look at the Office for National Statistics (ONS), its historical context, roles, and significance.
A Pigouvian Tax is a tax imposed to correct negative externalities, designed to align private costs with the social costs of economic activities.
A Pigouvian tax is levied to correct market failures arising from externalities. This article covers its definition, historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, mathematical formulas, importance, applicability, examples, considerations, and related terms.
The Polluter Pays Principle states that those responsible for pollution should cover the costs associated with managing and mitigating the pollution they produce.
Detailed Explanation on Pressure Groups, Their Types, Functions, and Influence on Public Policies
An organization striving to influence public policy, laws, or regulations for specific interests or broader causes through various means of advocacy.
Understanding Progressive Taxation: A System Where Tax Rates Increase as the Tax Base Increases
Public Administration is the implementation of government policy and an academic discipline that studies this implementation, examining the interactions between governmental institutions and society.
An in-depth exploration of public benefits, including types, historical context, key events, mathematical models, importance, examples, and more.
A detailed exploration of public goods, their characteristics, types, historical context, examples, and economic significance.
Comprehensive overview and analysis of Public Policy, its principles, types, and impacts on society.
A comprehensive article exploring the concept of Quasi-Autonomous Non-Governmental Organizations (quangos), their historical context, types, key events, significance, and examples, along with relevant terms, facts, and FAQs.
Comprehensive guide to understanding the Railway Track Access Regime, which governs the allocation and use regulation of railway tracks.
The superior officer to whom District Directors report, overseeing multi-state operations and broader regional tax administration policies.
The Regular Tax System applies standard tax rates and deductions to determine an individual's or corporation's taxable income and subsequent tax liability.
A comprehensive guide to understanding regulation, including its historical context, types, importance, examples, and relevant terminology.
An in-depth exploration of Regulatory Agencies, their functions, historical context, types, key events, and their importance in various sectors.
A comprehensive guide to understanding rent-seeking behavior, its historical context, types, key events, implications, examples, and more.
Comprehensive exploration of set-aside contracts, including their historical context, types, key events, and significance in fostering small business involvement in government procurement.
Sin taxes are levies imposed on socially harmful goods such as tobacco and alcohol, aimed at reducing consumption and generating government revenue, though not always based on precise external cost calculations.
An exploration of social cost, including its definition, historical context, types, key events, and comprehensive explanations. Learn about mathematical models, its importance, examples, and more.
An in-depth exploration of Social Insurance, covering its definition, historical context, types, applicability, comparisons with private insurance, and frequently asked questions.
A Social Safety Net is a system of payments and services designed to protect individuals and households from falling below a socially accepted minimum level of income and well-being due to old age, sickness, disability, and unemployment.
An in-depth look at social welfare programs and their importance in promoting the well-being of the community.
The doctrine that the state or sovereign cannot commit a legal wrong and is immune from civil suit or criminal prosecution.
A detailed examination of the tax base, its types, key historical context, importance, and applicability. Understand the impact of tax allowances and exemptions on the tax base and the broader economic implications.
Tax Fairness refers to the balance and justness of a tax system, emphasizing the equitable treatment of taxpayers across different income brackets. This concept evaluates the perception and reality of fairness in how taxes are levied, collected, and utilized.
An in-depth exploration of tax-exempt status, a classification often designated to non-profit organizations to be free from paying federal income tax.
A comprehensive look at the overcrowding of vehicles on the road, often leading to slower speeds and longer travel times. We explore historical context, types, key events, explanations, mathematical models, importance, applicability, examples, and much more.
Transfer payments are income payments made without the receipt of goods or services in exchange. These payments are primarily used for social welfare, supporting retired, disabled, and unemployed individuals.
A comprehensive look into turnpikes, their historical context, importance, types, examples, and related terminology.
Comprehensive coverage of Unemployment Benefits, including historical context, types, key events, detailed explanations, importance, examples, considerations, related terms, comparisons, interesting facts, inspirational stories, famous quotes, proverbs and clichés, expressions, jargon, slang, FAQs, references, and a final summary.
An in-depth exploration of the unfunded pension system, also known as the pay-as-you-go pension system, including historical context, types, key events, and detailed explanations.
A comprehensive examination of the concept of universal benefits, including historical context, types, key events, explanations, models, and their importance and applicability in modern economies.
An in-depth look at Vertical Equity, a concept advocating that people in advantageous positions should make greater contributions to society, with specific emphasis on taxation.
A wealth tax is an annual levy on assets, used in various countries, aimed at redistributing wealth and funding public services.
An in-depth exploration of welfare, encompassing its definitions, historical context, types, key events, mathematical models, and its significance in modern society.
A comprehensive overview of welfare programs, including their historical context, categories, key events, models, importance, applicability, and examples.
An in-depth exploration of the Welfare State, including its history, components, global variations, economic implications, and societal impacts.
The Work Programme is a DWP scheme offering support to help long-term unemployed people find work. Explore its historical context, key events, importance, and applicability.
An in-depth analysis of Absolute Liability, a legal concept where an individual or business is held liable regardless of intent or negligence, often applied in contexts deemed contrary to public policy.
Annexation is the process by which an incorporated city expands its boundaries to include a specified area, governed by state law and typically requiring a public ballot.
The Brookings Institution, a nonprofit organization located in Washington, D.C., is renowned for producing scholarly studies on significant economic and political issues and problems. Learn about its history, mission, and contributions to public policy.
A detailed examination of commuter taxes, their applications, implications, historical context, and more.
A comprehensive overview of government regulations, including types, examples, historical context, applicability, and related terms.
Regulations are rules used to carry out a law and the act of administering those laws. Many government agencies prepare regulations to ensure laws are implemented effectively.
A comprehensive overview of the urban renewal process, its history, methodologies, and impact.
An in-depth look at wage stabilization, a key economic measure to control inflationary wage increases and ensure economic stability.
A welfare state is a country in which the government provides many services to its population, particularly in the areas of medical care, minimum income guarantees, and retirement pensions.
