Social Optimum

Production Externality: External Effects in Production
An external effect of production that affects third parties other than the producer. Examples include pollution as a negative externality and pollination as a positive externality.
Social Optimum: Maximizing Social Welfare
The social optimum is the point on the utility possibility frontier that maximizes social welfare, representing the allocation chosen by a benevolent social planner constrained only by the endowment of resources.

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